DR Congo struggles to wipe out 武装した groups
The Congolese 武装した 軍隊s are 貧しく equipped and underpaid, with the lowest-最高位の 兵士s 収入 just $87 per month
DR Congo's army 開始する，打ち上げるd an 不快な／攻撃 last October 目的（とする）d at 実行するing a 誓約（する） by 大統領 Felix Tshisekedi to root out the 武装した groups that infest the east of the 広大な country.
Today, the much-trumpeted （選挙などの）運動をする seems to have made only meagre 伸び（る）s, while the death （死傷者）数 の中で 非軍事のs in the four 州s of Ituri, North and South Kivu and Tanganyika has 爆発するd.
によれば the UN's 共同の Human 権利s Office, 1,315 people lost their lives during the first half of 2020 -- at least ３倍になる the （死傷者）数 of January-June 2019.
The 政府 however 述べるs the 安全 状況／情勢 as "静める" across the nation, "in spite of 活動／戦闘s by 確かな 武装した groups in the east of the country," in the words of the 最新の 閣僚 報告（する）／憶測.
It also commended the 武装した 軍隊s for "追求するing 軍の 圧力 on the さまざまな 武装した groups that remain active, to 強要する them to turn in their 武器s."
But 観察者／傍聴者s are skeptical.
"Tshisekedi's 戦略s for fighting the 武装した groups have shown their 制限s," a Western 外交官 said, speaking on 条件 of anonymity.
"In reality, nothing has changed on the ground."
The army's biggest 押し進める is against 反逆者／反逆するs of the 連合した Democratic 軍隊s (ADF) in North Kivu 州.
The death （死傷者）数 in Ituri, North and South Kivu and Tanganyika 州s has 爆発するd
A movement of Ugandan origin, the ADF has been 非難するd for the 殺人，大当りs of more than 1,000 非軍事のs since October 2014 in the Beni 地域.
But the 大虐殺s have not ended -- in fact, they have 増大するd since October, 明らかに as 報復s for the 不快な／攻撃 or to 警告する 地元のs against 共同製作 with the army.
In December, the army 始める，決める up a "今後 （警察，軍隊などの）本部 base" in the 地域 under General Celestin Mbala, the 武装した 軍隊s' 長，指導者 of staff.
But 伸び（る）s against 反逆者／反逆する positions were 逆転するd before the return of any 非軍事の 当局, the 外交官 said. "The areas that were 回復するd were 速く taken 支援する by the 武装した groups."
Noella Katongerwaki, who 長，率いるs an 同盟 of civil society groups in Beni, also pointed to a 欠如（する） of 政府 戦略.
"In the field, our 兵士s are fighting, but if there are no results, it's because there are no political 活動／戦闘s, nor a very （疑いを）晴らす 外交の 姿勢 from our 政府," she said.
- Army 改造（する） -
The fighting in North Kivu is just one of myriad 衝突s in the four 州s that （不足などを）補う the eastern DRC.
By one 専門家 count, 135 groups -- many of them the 遺産／遺物 of the two Congo Wars of the 1990s -- are active in the 地域.
They fight over mineral 資源s and だまし取る and 乱用 国民s, often in the 指名する of defending a given 民族の group.
On July 17, Tshisekedi, who took office in January 2019 and 治める／統治するs in a 連合 with 支持者s of his 前任者 Joseph Kabila, 調印するd a 一連の 法令s 関心ing the army.
One of the 軍の strongmen の近くに to Kabila, General John Numbi, was 除去するd from his po st as 視察官 general of the army -- but commentators say the 改造（する） has 達成するd little or even 土台を崩すd the 使節団.
"There was no basic change. We changed a few leaders and いつかs withdrew the officers who had begun to 証明する 効果的な with their 軍隊／機動隊s on the ground," said ジーンズ-Jacques Wondo, a 軍の 専門家 の近くに to 対立 人物／姿／数字 Moise Katumbi.
Tshisekedi's approach has "not yet taken root", said Wondo, who 表明するd 疑惑 of "共同 between 確かな 軍の 公式の／役人s and the 武装した groups."
- 欠如（する） of 司法（官） -
Another question is the 明言する／公表する of the DRC's 武装した 軍隊s, who are 貧しく equipped and underpaid.
The lowest-最高位の 兵士s receive just 165,000 Congolese フランs (71 euros / $87) per month, with a 特別手当 of 33,000 フランs if they are sent into a 衝突 zone.
The European Union, 一方／合間, is worried about a 長年の programme to induct former 反逆者／反逆するs into the 武装した 軍隊s or help them retrain for 非軍事の life.
The "demobilisation, 軍備縮小 and reinsertion" programme has been running for nearly three １０年間s.
支持者s say that the chance of a new life in the mainstream encourages militiamen to turn their 支援するs on 暴力／激しさ.
But the EU's 外交官／大使 to the DRC, Marc Chataigner, said the 率先 had to go 手渡す-in-手渡す with 起訴するing those 責任がある 罪，犯罪s.
"You have to 避ける rewarding 悪党／犯人s of 流血／虐殺 by 統合するing them into the army or 'reinserting' them," he said in a message to AFP. "There will not be 継続している peace in the DRC if there is no 司法（官） for the 犠牲者s."
