Rare 楽観主義 ahead of 気候 会談 in Lima
LIMA, Peru (AP) ― Energized by new 的s 始める，決める by 中国 and the 部隊d 明言する／公表するs, the world's 最高の，を越す 気候 polluters, U.N. 全世界の warming 会談 再開する Monday with unusual 楽観主義 にもかかわらず 証拠 that human-生成するd 気候 change is already happening and bound to get worse.
交渉者s from more than 190 countries will 会合，会う in the Peruvian 資本／首都 for two weeks to work on 草案s for a 全世界の 気候 取引，協定 that is supposed to be 可決する・採択するd next year in Paris. Getting all countries 船内に will be a 決定的な 実験（する） for the U.N. 会談, which over two １０年間s have failed to 減ずる the 温室 gas 放出／発行s 非難するd for 全世界の warming.
誓約（する）s by Chinese 大統領 Xi Jinping and U.S. 大統領 Barack Obama earlier this month to 限界 their 放出／発行s after 2020 sent a powerful signal that a 全世界の 取引，協定 could be possible next year. The two countries, which produce about 40 パーセント of all 全世界の 放出／発行s, long have been adversaries in the U.N. 気候 会談.
FILE - In this Nov. 14, 2007 とじ込み／提出する photo, the 6,010-メーター Huayna Potosi is seen above La Paz. El Alto and its sister city of La Paz, the world's highest 資本／首都, depend on glaciers for at least a third of their water, more than any other 都市の sprawl . But that 供給（する） is in 危険，危なくする. 全世界の warming has doomed the world's 熱帯の glaciers. 交渉者s from more than 190 countries will 会合，会う Dec. 1, 2014, in the Peruvian 資本／首都, for two weeks to work on 草案s for a 全世界の 気候 取引，協定 that is supposed to be 可決する・採択するd next year in Paris. (AP Photo/Dado Galdieri, とじ込み／提出する)
"気候 change will not be solved only by the 部隊d 明言する／公表するs and 中国. But it certainly will not be solved without them," U.N. 気候 長，指導者 Christiana Figueres told The Associated 圧力（をかける）.
Earlier this year, the European Union 発表するd an 放出／発行s 的 for 2030, meaning the world's three biggest emitters have made 誓約（する）s. The hope now is that other big polluters 含むing India, Japan, Russia and Australia will 始める，決める their goals.
In Lima, 委任する／代表s hope to 明示する what （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） should be 含むd when countries 服従させる／提出する their formal 放出／発行s 的s 早期に next year, so that the 的s can be compared against each other. There is little 期待, however, that 交渉者s will agree on 実施できる 合法的な 条件. The U.S. and other countries …に反対する a 合法的に binding 放出／発行s 条約, which would 直面する stiff 対立 in a 共和国の／共和党の-controlled 議会.
The 会談 in Lima come just a month after a 科学の 査定／評価 by the U.N.'s 専門家 パネル盤 on 気候 change 警告するd that rising 全世界の 気温s could have an irreversible 衝撃 on people and ecosystems as glaciers melt, sea levels rise, 熱波s 強める and oceans become warmer and more acidic.
The Intergovernmental パネル盤 on 気候 Change said it's now 95 パーセント 確かな that humans are to 非難する for most of the warming, おもに by 燃やすing oil, coal and gas. Those 放出／発行s keep rising as 化石 燃料s 力／強力にする the 拡大 of 中国 and other 現れるing economies.
The 委任する／代表s will be 会合 in a country 特に 脅すd by the 衝撃 of 気候 change.
"Peru is 攻撃する，衝突する from all angles," said Walter Vergara, a 最高の，を越す Latin America 気候 change 専門家 以前は with the World Bank. "Many ecosystems are going to be 影響する／感情d."
The Andean nation has 70 パーセント of the world's 熱帯の glaciers, which are melting at an 加速するd pace, putting 300,000 highlanders under 厳しい 強調する／ストレス as pastures and croplands slowly 乾燥した，日照りの up.
Those glaciers have lost more than one-fifth of their 集まり in just three １０年間s, and the 70 パーセント of Peru's 30 million people who 住む the country's 太平洋の 沿岸の 砂漠, depend on glacial runoff for hydropower and to irrigate 刈るs, meaning their electricity and long-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 food 安全 could also be in 危険，危なくする. Higher alpine 気温s are 殺人，大当り off 工場／植物 and animal 種類 in cloud forests and scientists 予報する 太平洋の 漁業s will 苦しむ.
The 全体にわたる goal of the U.N. 会談 is to keep the 普通の／平均（する） 全世界の 気温 rise below 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees F) compared with pre-産業の times. That would 要求する a 大規模な energy 転換 to renewable sources and, perhaps, 逮捕（する）ing 空輸の CO2 and 蓄える／店ing it 地下組織の.
The U.N. 環境 Program earlier this month 警告するd that there's a growing gap between what countries 約束 to do about 炭素 汚染 and what scientists say needs to be done to 会合，会う that goal.
And 全世界の 気温 data show 2014 is 形態／調整ing up to become one of the hottest ― if not the hottest ― years on 記録，記録的な／記録する.
"We're still 長，率いるing in the wrong direction," said Andrew Steer, the 長，率いる of the World 資源s 学校／設ける, a Washington-based 環境の group.
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Associated 圧力（をかける） writer Karl Ritter 報告（する）／憶測d this story from Stockholm and Frank Bajak 報告（する）／憶測d in Lima.
FILE- In this June 20, 2013 とじ込み／提出する photo, a masked man walks as the sun 始める，決めるs の中で buildings covered with 煙霧, as Singapore 勧めるd people to remain indoors まっただ中に 前例のない levels of 空気／公表する 汚染, at the Singapore Central 商売／仕事 地区. 誓約（する）s by Chinese 大統領 Xi Jinping and U.S. 大統領 Barack Obama in November 2014, to 限界 their 放出／発行s after 2020, sent a powerful signal that a 全世界の 取引，協定 could be possible next year. (AP Photo/Joseph Nair, とじ込み／提出する)
FILE- In this June 12, 2011 とじ込み／提出する photo, people walk along the Cordillera Real of the Andes mountains on the 郊外s of La Paz, Bolivia. によれば the 環境の 弁護 League, a Bolivian NGO, Bolivia's glaciers along the Cordillera Real, Chacaltaya, Tuni Condorini and Illimani are 縮むing in size by more than one メーター every year and 見積（る） t hat the 大多数 of the snow in this area could disappear by 2030. A 科学の 査定／評価 by the U.N.?s 専門家 パネル盤 on 気候 change 警告するd that rising 全世界の 気温s could have an irreversible 衝撃 on people and ecosystems as glaciers melt, sea levels rise, 熱波s 強める and oceans become warmer and more acidic. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)
FILE- In this March 8, 2014 とじ込み／提出する photo, steam from the Jeffrey Energy 中心 coal-解雇する／砲火／射撃d 力／強力にする 工場／植物 is silhouetted against the setting sun 近づく St. Mary's, Kan. A groundbreaking 協定 struck Wednesday, Nov. 12, 2014, by the 部隊d 明言する／公表するs and 中国 puts the world's two worst polluters on a faster 跡をつける to 抑制（する）ing the heat-trapping gases 非難するd for 全世界の warming. Energized by these new 的s 始める，決める by 中国 and the 部隊d 明言する／公表するs, the world?s 最高の，を越す 気候 polluters, U.N. 全世界の warming 会談 再開する Dec. 1, 2014 in Peru, with unusual 楽観主義 にもかかわらず 証拠 that human-生成するd 気候 change is already happening and bound to get worse. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel, とじ込み／提出する)
FILE - In this Nov. 4, 2006 とじ込み／提出する photo, an explorer looks on, in the Pastoruri glacier in Huaraz, Peru. Peru's "White Mountain 範囲" may soon have to change its 指名する. The ice 頂上に the Cordillera Blanca, the largest glacier chain in the tropics, is melting 急速な／放蕩な because of rising 気温s, and 頂点（に達する）s are turning brown. The Andean nation has 70 パーセント of the world?s 熱帯の glaciers, which are melting at an 加速するd pace, putting hundreds of thousands of highlanders under 厳しい 強調する／ストレス as pastures and croplands slowly 乾燥した，日照りの up. (AP Photo/Karel Navarro, とじ込み／提出する)
FILE - In this Nov. 12, 2014 とじ込み／提出する photo, U.S. 大統領 Barack Obama, left, toasts with Chinese 大統領 Xi Jinping, at a lunch 祝宴 in the 広大な／多数の／重要な Hall of the People in Beijing. 誓約（する）s by Xi Jinping and Obama in November to 限界 their 放出／発行s after 2020 sent a powerful signal that a 全世界の 取引，協定 could be possible by 2015. The two countries, which produce about 40 パーセント of all 全世界の 放出／発行s, long have been adversaries in the U.N. 気候 会談. (AP Photo/Greg パン職人, とじ込み／提出する)
