¤ß¤´¤¿¤¨¤Î¤¢¤ë ¶õÃæ¤Î images show how modern society has transformed the ÏÇÀ±, leaving parts looking like an ³°¹ñ¿Í landscape, from Arizona to Australia

< p>

ÀëÅÁ

These ¶Ã¤¯¤Ù¤­¡¿ÆÃÌ¿¤Î¡¿Î×»þ¤Î ¶õÃæ¤Î images, taken over a period of £±£°Ç¯´Ös, show how modern society has transformed the ÏÇÀ±, with »º¶È leaving strangely beautiful ¼¨¤¹s that give some areas the ³°¸« of an ³°¹ñ¿Í world. Others show natural landscapes that look like abstract ³¨s from above.

The transfixing pictures have been taken by world-renowned Canadian photographer Edward Burtynsky, who has spent 45 years taking photos from a god-like »ëÌî ãÀ®¤¹¤ëd by the use of ¥Ø¥ê¥³¥×¥¿¡¼s, small jets, hydraulic À¯¼£²Ès, and drones.

Now over 90 of his ¶Ã¤¯¤Ù¤­¡¿ÆÃÌ¿¤Î¡¿Î×»þ¤Î images have been ¼ý½¸¤¹¤ëd in a lavish coffee-¡ÊÊÆ¡Ëê¾å¤²¤¹¤ë¡¿¡Ê±Ñ¡ËÄóµÄ¤¹¤ë Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë called Edward Burtynsky: Extraction/Abstraction (published by Steidl), essentially a ÌÜÏ¿ of an Ÿ¼¨ at Saatchi Gallery London< span class="mol-style-bold"> running until May 6 that ³ô the »Ø̾¤¹¤ë.

The Ÿ¼¨ features 94 of Burtynsky¡Çs large-Ƚ·¿ photographs, and 13 high-·è°Õ¡¿·èµÄ murals - making it the largest Ÿ¼¨ of his work ever ¹Ô¤¦¡¿³«ºÅ¤¹¤ë¡¿Ãʳ¬d. It is also the European ¼óÁê of Burtynsky¡Çs new ¿¿ôÅÁãÇÞÂΤòÍѤ¤¤ë piece, 'In the Wake of ¿ÊÊâ', an immersive art experience ¤½¤Î¾å¤Î Ä´ºº¤¹¤ëing the ¾×·â of human »º¶È on the ÏÇÀ±.

Burtynsky said: 'I have spent over 40 years ÂѤ¨¤ëing ¾Ú¸À¡¤¾Ú¿Í¡¿Ìܷ⤹¤ë to the ways in which modern civilisation has ·àŪ¤Ê transformed our ÏÇÀ±. At this time, the ǧ¼±¡¿°Õ¼±À­ of these ÌäÂ꡿ȯ¹Ô¤¹¤ës ¸½ºß¤Îd by my large-Ƚ·¿ images has never felt more ¶ÛµÞ¤Î. I am ´¶¼Õ¤¹¤ë to be ³«»Ï¤¹¤ëing the largest Ÿ¼¨ of my career at Saatchi Gallery in London, UK, and I hope the Ÿ¼¨ experience will continue to ¶¡µë¤¹¤ë inflection points for diverse conversations on these ÌäÂ꡿ȯ¹Ô¤¹¤ës and move us all to a place of ¹ÎÄêŪ¤Ê ³èÆ°¡¿ÀïÆ®.'

Paul Foster, Saatchi Gallery Director, said: 'This is an Ÿ¼¨ that reminds us how beautiful our ÏÇÀ± is. Burtynsky has even ÂáÊá¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ëd how beauty remains evident in the ways that humans have °Î¶È¡¿ÍøÍѤ¹¤ëd its »ñ¸»s for our own ends. However, these images are also a wake-up call for humanity to change its ways or ľÌ̤¹¤ë a ÉÔ°ÂÄê¤Ê and uncertain ̤Íè. I cannot think of a more important Ÿ¼¨ that we could have ¸½ºß¤Îd.' Scroll É餫¤¹¡¿·âÄƤ¹¤ë to see MailOnline Travel's Áª¤Ö of the bunch from the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë's pages, ¸½ºß¤Îd with descriptions from the ¡Ä¤òȼ¤Ã¤Æing captions.?< /span>

RICE TERRACES, WESTERN YUNNAN PROVINCE, CHINA, 2012: 'This sustainable farming method has been practised in China for over a thousand years,' the book reveals. 'If done properly, it prevents erosion, retains moisture, and can support the biodiversity that keeps soils naturally fertile'

RICE TERRACES, WESTERN YUNNAN PROVINCE, CHINA, 2012: 'This °Ý»ý¤Ç¤­¤ë farming method has been practised in Ãæ¹ñ for over a thousand years,' the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¿Ï³¤é¤¹s. 'If done ŬÀÚ¤Ë, it ˸¤²¤ës Éå¿©, ÊÝ»ý¤¹¤ës moisture, and can support the biodiversity that keeps ¹ñ¡¿ÃÏ°ès ¼«Á³¤Ë fertile'

DESERT SPIRALS, VERNEUKPAN, NORTHERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA: 'These whimsical patterns, reminiscent of the abstract mark-making of primaeval artists, have a practical purpose,' reveals the book, 'to convert desert into arable land. Also known as swales, they were ploughed in the dry season to capture water during the infrequent rainfall, trap wind-borne seeds and prevent erosion'

DESERT SPIRALS, VERNEUKPAN, NORTHERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA: 'These whimsical patterns, reminiscent of the abstract ¼¨¤¹-making of primaeval artists, have a practical ÌÜŪ,' ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¿Ï³¤é¤¹s the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë, 'to ÊѤ¨¤ë º½Çù into arable land. Also known as swales, they were ploughed in the ´¥Á礷¤¿¡¤Æü¾È¤ê¤Î season to ÂáÊá¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ë water during the infrequent ¹ß±«, 櫡ʤˤ«¤±¤ë¡Ë ¾¡Íø¡¤¾¡¤Äd-borne seeds and ˸¤²¤ë Éå¿©'

SALINAS, CADIZ, SPAIN: Pictured above are salt marshes near the?Atlantic port city of Cadiz, with 'briny streams of turquoise 
seawater running through them'. The book adds: 'Looking like cloisonn? [coloured glass] jewellery, the multicoloured ridges that secure the marsh were built long ago to create salt pans, but the small-scale craft industry has since died out'

SALINAS, CADIZ, SPAIN: Pictured above are salt ¾Âs ¶á¤Å¤¯ the?ÂçÀ¾ÍÎ port city of Cadiz, with 'briny streams of turquoise seawater running through them'. The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë Äɲ乤ës: 'Looking like cloisonn? [coloured glass] jewellery, the multicoloured »³¤ÎÈøº¬s that °ÂÁ´¤Ê¡¦Êݾڤ¹¤ë the ¾Â were built long ago to create salt pans, but the small-µ¬ÌÏ ¡Ê¼êÀè¤Î¡Ëµ»½Ñ »º¶È has since died out'

NICKEL TAILINGS, SUDBURY, ONTARIO, CANADA, 1996: This 'hellish picture' was taken outside the northern Ontario city of Sudbury in central Canada, which is famous for its nickel deposits. The book reveals that the image shows what looks like molten lava, but is in fact oxidized, water-borne wa
ste, adding: 'It is actually an illusion of scale. We are not looking at a river, but at a small creek, just over a metre wide that can be easily jumped over'

NICKEL TAILINGS, SUDBURY, ONTARIO, CANADA, 1996: This 'hellish picture' was taken outside the northern Ontario city of Sudbury in central Canada, which is famous for its nickel deposits. The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¿Ï³¤é¤¹s that the image shows what looks like molten ÍÏ´ä, but is in fact oxidized, water-borne waste, Äɲ乤ëing: 'It is ¸½¼Â¤Ë an illusion of µ¬ÌÏ. We are not looking at a river, but at a small creek, just over a metre wide that can be easily jumped over'

THJORSA RIVER, SOUTHERN REGION, ICELAND: This incredible picture shows the result of currents in the Thjorsa river eroding silt into 'wispy patterns', with the tome adding: 'Volcanic minerals are responsible 
for the surreal colours of [Iceland's] famous lakes and rivers'

THJORSA RIVER, SOUTHERN REGION, ICELAND: This incredible picture shows the result of ¸½ºß¤Îs in the Thjorsa river eroding silt into 'wispy patterns', with the tome Äɲ乤ëing: '²Ð»³¤Î minerals are ÀÕǤ¤¬¤¢¤ë the surreal colours of [¥¢¥¤¥¹¥é¥ó¥É's] famous lakes and rivers'

SALT PONDS, NEAR FATICK, ATLANTIC COAST, SENEGAL:?This stunning picture shows a patchwork of hand-dug depressions, the result of artisanal salt harvesting. The colour variations are caused by salt-resistant microorganisms and varying rates of evaporation, the book explains

ÀïÎÏʼ´ïÀ©¸Â¸ò¾Ä PONDS, NEAR FATICK, ATLANTIC COAST, SENEGAL:?This ÁÇÀ²¤é¤·¤¤ picture shows a patchwork of ¼êÅϤ¹-dug ÉԷʵ¤s, the result of artisanal salt ¼ý³Ïing. The colour variations are ¸¶°ø¡Ê¤È¤Ê¤ë¡Ëd by salt-Äñ¹³ÎϤΤ¢¤ë microorganisms and ÊѲ½¤µ¤»¤ëing Ψs of evaporation, the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë explains

SALT PONDS, NEAR NAGLOU SAM SAM, SENEGAL: There are three photographs in the exhibition of salt harvesting in Senegal and each is formally different, attesting to different harvesting styles from region to region, the book reveals

ÀïÎÏʼ´ïÀ©¸Â¸ò¾Ä PONDS, NEAR NAGLOU SAM SAM, SENEGAL: There are three photographs in the Ÿ¼¨ of salt ¼ý³Ïing in Senegal and each is Àµ¼°¤Ë different, attesting to different ¼ý³Ïing styles from ÃÏ°è to ÃÏ°è, the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¿Ï³¤é¤¹s

PENGAH WALL, KOMODO NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA, 2017: 'Here?s what a healthy coral environment looks like,' says the book, 'a riot of colour teeming with life and reminiscent of a mid-century "all-over" abstraction ? la Jackson Pollock. A challenging photograph to create, the subject is in a remote and dark location, at a depth of 65 feet off the coast of Indonesia and somewhat protected by its UNESCO Natural World Heritage designation. A team of 12 divers was required to accomplish this mural, which is made up of multiple images electronically stitched together. Alarmingly, this spectacular coral wall is among the declining survivors of global warming and ocean acidification. Such habitats are falling victim to rising ocean temperatures, industrial pollution, dynamite fishing, and to urban development'

PENGAH WALL, KOMODO NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA, 2017: 'Here¡Çs what a healthy »¹¸ê ´Ä¶­ looks like,' says the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë, 'a ˽ư of colour teeming with life and reminiscent of a Ãæ±û¤Î-century "all-over" abstraction ? la Jackson Pollock. A challenging photograph to create, the »ÙÇÛ¤¹¤ë is in a remote and dark ¾ì½ê, at a depth of 65 feet off the coast of Indonesia and somewhat Êݸ¤ëd by its UNESCO Natural World °ä»º Ǥ̿. A team of 12 divers was Í׵᤹¤ëd to ¿ë¹Ô¤¹¤ë this mural, which is made up of ¿½Å¤Î images electronically stitched together. Alarmingly, this ¤ß¤´¤¿¤¨¤Î¤¢¤ë »¹¸ê ʽ¤Ç°Ï¤à is ¤ÎÃæ¤Ç the µñÀ䤹¤ë¡¿Äã²¼¤¹¤ëing À¸Â¸¼Ôs of Á´À¤³¦¤Î warming and ocean acidification. Such habitats are Íî¤Á¤ëing µ¾À·¼Ô to rising ocean µ¤²¹s, »º¶È¤Î ±øÀ÷, dynamite fishing, and to ÅԻԤΠ³«È¯'

SATELLITE CAPTURE, PIVOT IRRIGATION NEAR BURAYDAH, SAUDI ARABIA: The book says: 'Pivot irrigation produces the vast stretches of green crop circles that we see when flying over arid regions such as Saudi Arabia and the American Southwest. Water is pumped up from aquifers deep underground and distributed along lengthy motorised pipes. Sprinkler and row irrigation systems are much less efficient than pivot and drip irrigation because the evaporation rate is high in arid regions. Although the pra
ctice has dramatically increased food production, it is not sustainable; "fossil water" is limited and takes centuries to replenish. Many pivot-irrigated farms elsewhere have run dry as evidenced by the fading circles in this image'

SATELLITE CAPTURE, PIVOT IRRIGATION NEAR BURAYDAH, SAUDI ARABIA: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'Pivot irrigation produces the ¹­Âç¤Ê stretches of green ´¢¤ë circles that we see when Èô¹Ôµ¡¤Ç¹Ô¤¯ing over arid ÃÏ°ès such as Saudi Arabia and the American ÆîÀ¾. Water is pumped up from aquifers ¿¼¤¤ Ãϲ¼ÁÈ¿¥¤Î and ʬÇÛ¤¹¤ëd along Èó¾ï¤ËŤ¤ motorised ËãÌô¤òµÛ¤¦s. Sprinkler and Îó¡¿Á椰¡¿ÁûÆ° irrigation systems are much ¤¤¤Ã¤½¤¦¾¯¤Ê¤¯ efficient than pivot and drip irrigation because the evaporation Ψ is high in arid ÃÏ°ès. Although the practice has ·àŪ¤Ê Áý²Ã¤¹¤ëd food À¸»º¡¿»ºÊª, it is not °Ý»ý¤Ç¤­¤ë; "²½ÀÐ water" is ¸Â¤é¤ì¤¿¡¿Î©·ûŪ¤Ê and takes centuries to Êä½¼¤¹¤ë. Many pivot-irrigated farms ¤É¤³¤«¤è¤½¤Ç have run ´¥Á礷¤¿¡¤Æü¾È¤ê¤Î as ¾Úµòd by the fading circles in this image'

PIVOT IRRIGATION, HIGH PLAINS, TEXAS PANHANDLE, USA: Burtynsky used a ?gyro? to stabilise his camera to get this perfectly squared image, which was shot through a hole in the floor of a fixed-wing airplane

PIVOT IRRIGATION, HIGH PLAINS, TEXAS PANHANDLE, USA: Burtynsky used a ¡Ægyro¡Ç to stabilise his camera to get this perfectly squared image, which was ȯ¼Í through a ·ê¤ò³«¤±¤ë in the ¾²¤ËÂǤÁÅݤ¹ of a ľ¤¹¡¿Çã¼ý¤¹¤ë¡¤È¬É´Ä¹¤ò¤¹¤ëd-wing airplane

EROSION CONTROL, YESILHISAR, CENTRAL ANATOLIA, TURKIYE, 2022: The book says: 'T?rkiye?s landscapes are consistently at risk of topsoil erosion and desertification. Ambitious terracing programs such as this
 capture water and stimulate reforestation, thus successfully preventing erosive flooding'

EROSION CONTROL, YESILHISAR, CENTRAL ANATOLIA, TURKIYE, 2022: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'T?rkiye¡Çs landscapes are ½ª»Ï°ì´Ó¤·¤Æ at ´í¸± of topsoil Éå¿© and desertification. Ambitious terracing programs such as this ÂáÊá¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ë water and »É·ã¤¹¤ë reforestation, thus ¼óÈø¤è¤¯ ˸¤²¤ëing erosive flooding'

BAY OF CADIZ, SPAIN, 2013: 'The fantastic vermiculation [wavy lines cut into stone] of this marshland is a natural occurrence,' the book says. 'Nearby are old, largely abandoned salt pans that impose a more convenient geometry on the natural pattern. Like most salt marshes, this one has a rich biodiversity'

BAY OF CADIZ, SPAIN, 2013: 'The fantastic vermiculation [wavy lines ºï¸º¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ë into ÀС¿ÅêÀФ¹¤ë] of this ¼¾ÃÏÂÓ is a natural occurrence,' the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says. 'Nearby are old, ÂçÉôʬ¤Ï abandoned salt pans that ²Ý¤¹ a more convenient geometry on the natural pattern. Like most salt ¾Âs, this one has a rich biodiversity'

TAILINGS POND, WESSELTON DIAMOND MINE, KIMBERLEY, NORTHERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA: 'This boldly elegant study in shades of grey is kimberlite, the waste material from diamond mining,' the tome explains. 'A conveyor belt, which looks here like the stem of a chrysanthemum, brings tailings to pour down in long petals into the waste pond'

TAILINGS POND, WESSELTON DIAMOND MINE, KIMBERLEY, NORTHERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA: 'This boldly elegant ½Ï¹Í¤¹¤ë¡¿¹Íθ¤¹¤ë in shades of grey is kimberlite, the waste ¹½À®Í×ÁÇ from diamond ºÎ·¡,' the tome explains. 'A conveyor belt, which looks here like the ·Ô¡¦¼è¤ê½ü¤¯ of a chrysanthemum, brings tailings to Ãí¤° É餫¤¹¡¿·âÄƤ¹¤ë in long petals into the waste pond'

URALKALI POTASH MINE, BEREZNIKI, RUSSIA: The book explains: 'About 350 metres below the Russian city of Berezniki is a 3,000-kilometre-long tunnel system created by potash mining. The variegated rosette patterns are the bore marks of giant tunnelling machines that chew up the stratified mineral. The red colour is the sediment of ancient sea life, the effective ingredient in this powerful fertiliser'

URALKALI POTASH MINE, BEREZNI KI, RUSSIA: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë explains: 'About 350 metres below the ¥í¥·¥¢¤Î city of Berezniki is a 3,000-kilometre-long tunnel system created by potash ºÎ·¡. The variegated rosette patterns are the bore ¼¨¤¹s of µðÂç¡Ê¤Ê¡Ë tunnelling machines that chew up the stratified mineral. The red colour is the sediment of ¸ÅÂå¤Î sea life, the ¸ú²ÌŪ¤Ê À®Ê¬ in this powerful fertiliser'

CERRO PRIETO GEOTHERMAL STATION, SONORA, MEXICO: The books says: 'Cerro Prieto is a volcano south of Mexicali near the Colorado River delta. Since 1973, electricity has been generated here by harnessing the heat from the molten magma beneath the Earth?s crust. Geothermal electricity is a relatively clean renewable energy. In this case, however, the steam produced by pumping water into boreholes drilled into geothermal hotspots activates turbines to generate electricity also produces hot, mineral-rich water. The artificial lakes seen here allow the minerals to settle so that the water may be recycled. In recent years, the area has seen an increase in health complaints from people ingesting the briny vapours'

CERRO PRIETO GEOTHERMAL STATION, SONORA, MEXICO: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ës says: 'Cerro Prieto is a ²Ð»³ south of Mexicali ¶á¤Å¤¯ the Colorado River delta. Since 1973, electricity has been À¸À®¤¹¤ëd here by harnessing the heat from the molten magma beneath the Earth¡Çs crust. Geothermal electricity is a Èæ³Ó¤·¤Æ clean renewable energy. In this »öÎã¡¿´µ¼Ô, however, the steam produced by pumping water into boreholes ±é½¬d into geothermal hotspots ³èÆ°¤µ¤»¤ë¡¿Àï»þÊÔÀ®¤¹¤ës turbines to À¸À®¤¹¤ë electricity also produces hot, mineral-rich water. The ¿Í¹©Åª¤Ê lakes seen here µö¤¹ the minerals to settle so that the water may be ºÆÀ¸ÍøÍѤ¹¤ëd. In ºÇ¶á¤Î years, the area has seen an Áý²Ã¤¹¤ë in health ¡Ê̱»ö¤Î¡Ë¹ðÁÊs from people ingesting the briny vapours'

SALT LAKES, BIRD TRACKS, YARISLI LAKE, BURDUR PROVINCE, TURKIYE: The book explains: 'This turquoise saline lake in southwestern T?rkiye attracts about 140 different species of migratory birds, including large flocks of flamingos. They come to feed on the nutrient-rich alkaline water and leave behind the erratic filigree [delicate] patterns of their steps that we see here.
 These will be washed away when the weather begins to cool and the lake is replenished'

ÀïÎÏʼ´ïÀ©¸Â¸ò¾Ä LAKES, BIRD TRACKS, YARISLI LAKE, BURDUR PROVINCE, TURKIYE: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë explains: 'This turquoise ±ö¤Î lake in southwestern T?rkiye attracts about 140 different ¼ïÎà of °Ü½»¤¹¤ë birds, ´Þ¤àing large flocks of flamingos. They come to ÎÁ¶âd on the nutrient-rich alkaline water and leave behind the erratic filigree [delicate] patterns of their steps that we see here. These will be washed away when the Å·¸õ begins to ÎäÀŤʡ¿ÀµÌ£¤Î and the lake is Êä½¼¤¹¤ëd'

CANOLA FIELDS, LUOPING, YUNNAN PROVINCE, CHINA, 2011: The book says: 'Here we see a surreal scene of storybook mountains and monochromatic monoculture, industrial farming... that leads to high yields at the cost of soil degradation, reduced biodiversity and
 a heavy reliance on polluting chemicals'

CANOLA FIELDS, LUOPING, YUNNAN PROVINCE, CHINA, 2011: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'Here we see a surreal scene of storybook mountains and monochromatic monoculture, »º¶È¤Î farming... that leads to high »º¤¹¤ë¡¿À¸¤¸¤ës at the cost of ¹ñ¡¿ÃÏ°è degradation, ¸º¤º¤ëd biodiversity and a ·ã¤·¤¤ °Í¸ on ±øÀ÷¤¹¤ëing ²½³ØÀ½ÉÊs'

SUPER PIT, KALGOORLIE, WESTERN AUSTRALIA, 2007: The book says: 'The Fimiston open pit, known locally as "Super Pit", is a 600-metre-deep gold mine. It was the largest in Australia until it was surpassed in 2016. Nevertheless, it remains a popular local tourist attraction with a lookout over the operation. Sightseers come to view these deep excavations, also known as open cast or open cut pits, to behold the exposure of millions of years of geologic time'

SUPER PIT, KALGOORLIE, WESTERN AUSTRALIA, 2007: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'The Fimiston open ú¹£¡¤¥ª¡¼¥±¥¹¥È¥éÀÊ, known Ãϸµ¤Ç as "ºÇ¹â¤Î ú¹£¡¤¥ª¡¼¥±¥¹¥È¥éÀÊ", is a 600-metre-¿¼¤¤ gold ÃÏÍë. It was the largest in Australia until it was ¤è¤ê¾¡¤ëd in 2016. ¤Ë¤â¤«¤«¤ï¤é¤º, it remains a popular Ãϸµ¤Î tourist attraction with a ·Ù²ü¡¿¸«Ä¥¤ê over the Áàºî¡¿¼ê½Ñ. Sightseers come to ¸«²ò¡Ê¤ò¤È¤ë¡Ë these ¿¼¤¤ ·ê·¡¤ês, also known as open cast or open ºï¸º¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ë ú¹£¡¤¥ª¡¼¥±¥¹¥È¥éÀÊs, to behold the ¡Ê´í¸±¤Ê¤É¤Ë¡Ë¤µ¤é¤¹ of millions of years of geologic time'

PIVOT IRRIGATION / SUBURB, SOUTH OF YUMA, ARIZONA, USA: 'Looking like a diagram on parchment, this sparse suburb on the edge of Yuma shares an arid plain with neighbouring farmland,' the book says

PIVOT IRRIGATION / SUBURB, SOUTH OF YUMA, ARIZONA, USA: 'Looking like a diagram on parchment, this sparse ¹Ù³° on the ¿É¾¡¤¹¤ë¡¿Í¥°Ì of Yuma ³ô an arid plain with ÎÙ¿Íing ÇÀÃÏ,' the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says

LITHIUM PROCESSING PLANTS, ATACAMA DESERT, CHILE, 2017: The book says: 'Lithium can be found in rock or in ocean brine, such as in the aquifer beneath the scorching Atacama Desert, where the concentration of the ultra-light metal is particularly high. The driest non-polar place on Earth, the Salar de Atacama is challenging to reach because of the hard, razor-sharp, tire-lacerating salt crystals that cover it. Highly volatile and flammable, lithium is a hazardous material that must be handled with great care. It is transported in liquid form from here to the coast for further processing, then shipped to its surging world markets. A bi-product of the lithium extraction process is fertiliser, seen here covered in blue tarps. The reddish section is a higher-quality fertiliser'

LITHIUM PROCESSING PLANTS, ATACAMA DESERT, CHILE, 2017: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'Lithium can be ÀßΩ¤¹¤ë in ·ã¤·¤¯Íɤ¹¤ë or in ocean brine, such as in the aquifer beneath the scorching Atacama º½Çù, where the ½¸Ãæ of the ultra-light metal is ÆÃ¤Ë high. The driest Èó¡¤ÉÔ¡¤Ìµ-polar place on Earth, the Salar de Atacama is challenging to reach because of the hard, ¤«¤ß¤½¤ê-sharp, tire-lacerating salt ¿å¾½s that cover it. ¹âÅÙ¤Ë volatile and flammable, lithium is a ´í¸±¤Ê ¹½À®Í×ÁÇ that must be °·¤¦d with ¹­Âç¤Ê¡¿Â¿¿ô¤Î¡¿½ÅÍ×¤Ê care. It is Í¢Á÷¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ëd in liquid form from here to the coast for ¤½¤Î¾å¤Î ²áÄøing, then shipped to its »¦Åþ¤¹¤ëing world markets. A bi-À½ÉÊ of the lithium extraction ²áÄø is fertiliser, seen here covered in blue tarps. The À֤ߤòÂÓ¤Ó¤¿ section is a higher-¼Á fertiliser'

COAL MINE, NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA, GERMANY: 'This German lignite, or "brown coal" oper
ation, is an extreme example of strip mining,' the tome reveals. 'In the distance, the world?s largest autonomous vehicle chews up the landscape to reveal the cheap, but dirty, fuel that keeps the powerplants of central Europe humming and its people warm in winter. Whole villages and highways have been lost to the search for low-cost coal. Last year, the government of North Rhein-Westphalia announced that it will phase out the use of coal by 2030'

COAL MINE, NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA, GERMANY: 'This German lignite, or "brown coal" Áàºî¡¿¼ê½Ñ, is an extreme example of ¡ÊÅÚÃϤʤɤΡ˺ÙŤ¤°ìÊÒ ºÎ·¡,' the tome ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¿Ï³¤é¤¹s. 'In the distance, the world¡Çs largest ¼«¼£¸¢¤Î¤¢¤ë ¾è¤êʪ chews up the landscape to ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¿Ï³¤é¤¹ the cheap, but dirty, dzÎÁ that keeps the powerplants of central Europe humming and its people warm in winter. Whole villages and ¼çÍ×ƻϩs have been lost to the search for low-cost coal. Last year, the À¯ÉÜ of North Rhein-Westphalia ȯɽ¤¹¤ëd that it will Ãʳ¬ out the use of coal by 2030'

CLEARCUT, PALM OIL PLANTATION, BORNEO, MALAYSIA, 2016: The book says: 'The fabled rainforests of Borneo, the third-largest island in the world, are shrinking fast. Administratively divided between three countries - Brunei, Malaysia and Indonesia - Borneo is a major producer of tropical lumber, which is clear cut and replaced with oil palm plantations. Highly versatile, palm oil is used in everything from processed foods to lipstick. Anyone in the world who regularly reads ingredient labels will know it well. Deforestation, such as we see here, is a major cause of global warming, soil degradation and species extinction'

CLEARCUT, PALM OIL PLANTATION, BORNEO, MALAYSIA, 2016: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'The fabled rainforests of Borneo, the third-largest island in the world, are ½Ì¤àing fas t. Administratively divided between three countries - Brunei, Malaysia and Indonesia - Borneo is a major À¸»º¼Ô of Ç®ÂӤΠÈĺà, which is ¡Êµ¿¤¤¤ò¡ËÀ²¤é¤¹ ºï¸º¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ë and ¼è¤Ã¤ÆÂå¤ï¤ëd with oil palm ÇÀ±às. ¹âÅÙ¤Ë versatile, palm oil is used in everything from ²áÄød foods to lipstick. Anyone in the world who Äê´üŪ¤Ë reads À®Ê¬ labels will know it °æ¸Í¡¿ÊÛ¸î»ÎÀÊ. ¿¹ÎÓȲºÎ, such as we see here, is a major ¸¶°ø¡Ê¤È¤Ê¤ë¡Ë of Á´À¤³¦¤Î warming, ¹ñ¡¿ÃÏ°è degradation and ¼ïÎà ÀäÌÇ'

SAW MILLS, LAGOS, NIGERIA: 'Makoko is the informal settlement we see here at the east end of Lagos,' says the book, 'the largest city in Africa. A third of Makoko is built on stilts well into the city?s eponymous Lagoon, the most polluted ecosystem on the continent. Nigeria?s lowland forests are disappearing fast to illegal logging, much of which ends up in Makoko?s sawmills. The deforestation that ensues enables the expansion of agriculture to feed the industrialised and oil-rich country?s booming population'

SAW MILLS, LAGOS, NIGERIA: 'Makoko is the informal ²ò·è¡¿Æþ¿¢ÃÏ we see here at the east end of Lagos,' says the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë, 'the largest city in Africa. A third of Makoko is built on stilts °æ¸Í¡¿ÊÛ¸î»ÎÀÊ into the city¡Çs eponymous Lagoon, the most ±øÀ÷¤¹¤ëd ecosystem on the continent. Nigeria¡Çs lowland forests are disappearing µÞ®¤Ê¡¿ÊüÆ¢¤Ê to °ãË¡¤Ê logging, much of which ends up in Makoko¡Çs sawmills. The ¿¹ÎÓȲºÎ that ³¤¤¤Æµ¯¤³¤ës enables the ³ÈÂç of ÇÀ¶È to ÎÁ¶âd the industrialised and ÀÐÌý¤Ë·Ã¤Þ¤ì¤¿¹ñ¡Çs ¤Ë¤ï¤«·Êµ¤ing Á´½»Ì±'

CHUQUICAMATA COPPER MINE OVERBURDEN, CALAMA, CHILE: 'This is the largest open-pit copper mine by volume in the world, and the second deepest,' the book reveals. 'Accounting for 29 per cent of the world?s copper production, Chile is the largest exporter of this extremely useful metal'

CHUQUICAMATA COPPER MINE OVERBURDEN, CALAMA, CHILE: 'This is the largest open-ú¹£¡¤¥ª¡¼¥±¥¹¥È¥éÀÊ ½äºº ÃÏÍë by ÍÆÀÑ¡¿ÍÆÎÌ in the world, and the second deepest,' the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¿Ï³¤é¤¹s. 'Accounting for 29 per cent of the world¡Çs ½äºº À¸»º¡¿»ºÊª, Chile is the largest Í¢½Ð¶È¼Ô of this ¶Ëü¤Ë useful metal'

ROCK OF AGES, ACTIVE SECTION, E.L. SMITH QUARRY, BARRE, VERMONT, USA, 1992: The book says: 'Established in 1880, Rock of Ages is the world?s largest "deep hole" granite quarry. The dimension stone mined here is known as "Barre Gray" granite for nearby Barre, Vermont. Used primarily for funerary monuments, its fine grain is also popular among sculptors'

ROCK OF AGES, ACTIVE SECTION, E.L. SMITH QUARRY, BARRE, VERMONT, USA, 1992: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'ÀßΩ¤¹¤ëd in 1880, ·ã¤·¤¯Íɤ¹¤ë of Ages is the world¡Çs largest "¿¼¤¤ ·ê¤ò³«¤±¤ë" granite quarry. The d imension ÀС¿ÅêÀФ¹¤ë ÃÏÍëd here is known as "Barre Gray" granite for nearby Barre, Vermont. Used ¤Þ¤ºÂè°ì¤Ë¡¿ËÜÍè for funerary monuments, its ȳ¶â ¹òʪ is also popular ¤ÎÃæ¤Ç sculptors'

GREENHOUSES, ALMERIA PENINSULA, SPAIN: The book says: 'A large proportion of Europe?s off-season fruits and vegetables come from this peninsula on the Mediterranean coast of southern Spain. Formerly arid scrubland, since the 1960s it has gradually become the world?s largest concentration of greenhouses. It relies on an abundance of sunlight, a dwindling aquifer and plenty of chemicals for its remarkable yields'

GREENHOUSES, ALMERIA PENINSULA, SPAIN: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë says: 'A large ³ä¹ç of Europe¡Çs off-season fruits and vegetables come from this ȾÅç on the Mediterranean coast of southern Spain. °ÊÁ°¤Ï arid scrubland, since the 1960s it has ½ù¡¹¤Ë become the world¡ Çs largest ½¸Ãæ of ²¹¼¼s. It relies on an Ë­ÉÙ of sunlight, a dwindling aquifer and plenty of ²½³ØÀ½ÉÊs for its remarkable »º¤¹¤ë¡¿À¸¤¸¤ës'

POLDERS, GROOTSCHERMER, THE NETHERLANDS, 2011: Explains the book: 'Over a quarter of the Netherlands is below sea level. Were it not for medieval engineers, 65 per cent of the country would be underwater at high tide. Polders, such as these erratically striped islands, are reclaimed marshland separated from the sea by a system of seawalls, dykes and sluices. The country?s famous windmills were erected to pump water back out to sea'

POLDERS, GROOTSCHERMER, THE NETHERLANDS, 2011: Explains the Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ë: 'Over a £´È¾´ü/4ʬ¤Î1 of the Netherlands is below sea level. Were it not for ÃæÀ¤ engineers, 65 per cent of the country would be underwater at high tide. Polders, such as these erratic ƱÌÁ¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ë ¡ÊÅÚÃϤʤɤΡ˺ÙŤ¤°ìÊÒd islands, are Ëä¤áΩ¤Æ¤ëd ¼¾ÃÏÂÓ separated from the sea by a system of seawalls, dykes and sluices. The country¡Çs famous windmills were ÃÛ¤¯d to pump water »Ù±ç¤¹¤ë out to sea'

PUNTA GORDA, CHARLOTTE COUNTY, FLORIDA, USA, 2012: The books says: 'This is a detail of Charlotte Park, a neighbourhood of Punta Gorda, Spanish for "fat point". The neighbourhood juts out into an estuary on the west coast of Florida. The Gulf of Mexico region is famously prone to hurricanes, but this community is somewhat protected from surging storm water by a thick mangrove forest whose deep roots stabilise the coastline. Over the last century, however, this estuary has lost up to 60 percent of its vital mangrove forests to urban development. The vermicular street plan was designed to maximise water frontage for as many homes as possible'

PUNTA GORDA, CHARLOTTE COUNTY, FLORIDA, USA, 2012: The Ä´½ñ¤ò¤È¤ë¡¿Í½Ì󤹤ës says: 'This is a ¾ÜºÙ¡Ê¤Ë½Ò¤Ù¤ë¡Ë of Charlotte Park, a neighbourhood of Punta Gorda, Spanish for "fat point". The neighbourhood juts out into an estuary on the west coast of Florida. The ÏÑ of Mexico ÃÏ°è is famously ·¹¸þ¤¬¤¢¤ë to ¥Ï¥ê¥±¡¼¥ós, but this community is somewhat Êݸ¤ëd from »¦Åþ¤¹¤ëing Íò¡¿½±·â¤¹¤ë water by a ¸ü¤¤ mangrove forest whose ¿¼¤¤ roots stabilise the coastline. Over the last century, however, this estuary has lost up to 60 ¥Ñ¡¼¥»¥ó¥È of its ·èÄêŪ¤Ê mangrove forests to ÅԻԤΠ³«È¯. The vermicular street ·×²è¡Ê¤¹¤ë¡Ë was designed to maximise water frontage for as many homes as possible'

Edward Burtynsky: Extraction/Abstraction is published by?Steidl and retails at ¡ò38?or $56.87. It showcases a catalogue of Edward Burtynsky's works, on display at Saatchi Gallery London, until May 6, 2024.?Burtynsky's photos are also on display at Flowers Gallery on Cork Street, London, in an exhibition entitled New Works

Edward Burtynsky: Extraction/Abstraction is published by?Steidl and ¾®Çäs at ¡ò38?or $56.87. It showcases a ÌÜÏ¿ of Edward Burtynsky's ºîÉÊ, on ÄÄÎ󤹤롤ȯ´ø¤¹¤ë at Saatchi Gallery London, until May 6, 2024.?Burtynsky's photos are also on ÄÄÎ󤹤롤ȯ´ø¤¹¤ë at Flowers Gallery on Cork Street, London, in an Ÿ¼¨ ¤¹¤ë¸¢Íø¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ëd New ºîÉÊ