How can you tell if a 株 is good value? Five tips to work out if that company's 在庫／株 is a 勝利者 or a dud

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There's no getting around it, you need do some homework and maths if you're thinking of buying 株.

But which sums are the most useful to 投資家s when 重さを計るing up a 在庫／株? And how do you 跡をつける 負かす／撃墜する the 人物／姿／数字s you need in a company's 財政上の 報告（する）／憶測s?

Sheridan Admans, 長，率いる of 基金 選択 at 投資 壇・綱領・公約 Tillit, guides us through some basic arithmetic that will 示す whether a company is undervalued or overvalued, and if its 財政／金融s are sound.

研究ing 株: Which sums are the most useful to 投資家s?

Price 収入s or PE 割合

Price divided by 収入s per 株

A company PE 割合 should be 査定する／（税金などを）課すd in relation to its wider 部門 PE - this tells you how a 商売／仕事 is 成し遂げるing in relation to its peer group. But as a 支配する of thumb, a high PE 示すs there is more 危険 大（公）使館員d.

Company PE 割合s are 平易な to calculate by yourself and you can find them in most good 株 listings in?online market data, for example, This is Money's individual 株 pages, such as this one for BP 株, show PE 割合s.

FTSE 部門 PEs can be harder to come by unless you are a professional 投資家, but you can try to 跡をつける them 負かす／撃墜する online for 解放する／自由な. Alternatively, a subscription 株 （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） service, such as?Stockopedia?- which This is Money recommends for serious 株 投資家s,?shows PEs compared to 産業 / 部門 levels.?

It is useful to compare a company's PE 割合 to that of its 部門. 'Getting a comparison gives you an idea of whether it's below or above the 部門 普通の／平均（する）,' says Sheridan Admans of The 株 Centre.

'B elow the 部門 普通の／平均（する） and it's under-valued or there is a problem.?

'You then start looking for which one of the two it is.?

'If it's above 普通の／平均（する） it's over-valued or something has changed in the 商売／仕事, a 転換 in its ability to grow 歳入.'

Sheridan Admans: You should compare a company's PE 割合 to that of its 部門

To find answers, turn to the 商売／仕事 review section of an 年次の 報告（する）／憶測 to see what the company has been up to and what it 目的（とする）s to do in the 未来, says Admans.

And to be 徹底的な, he 示唆するs reading 支援する through the last few years' 商売／仕事 reviews 同様に to see what its ambitions were then and how 首尾よく it has 実行するd them.

He 勧めるs 投資家s to 支払う／賃金 の近くに attention to the 管理／経営 structure, 特に any changes to the board. If there are new 任命s, read their CVs.

The 商売／仕事 review is where you really get a feel for the 商売／仕事, によれば Admans.

He says you must then ask yourself whether the 現在の valuation is 維持できる, if the 管理／経営 is doing enough to support a higher valuation, and does the 会社／堅い have a 信頼できる 計画（する） that can realistically be 達成するd?

One 推論する／理由 to look at 部門 PEs is that the norm 変化させるs 広範囲にわたって between 産業s. For example, Admans 公式文書，認めるs that 科学（工学）技術 会社／堅いs tend to have much higher PE 割合s than those in the 製造業の 部門.

A 製造業者 with a PE of 80 would make 投資家s run for the hills, but tech companies often have PEs of between 50 and 80.

'They can grow 収入s faster, roll out to 地域s and continents faster than a 製造者 of widgets,' Admans explains.

'You need to understand the company and ask can that valuation be 正当化するd.'

Return on 公正，普通株主権

逮捕する income divided by 株主 公正，普通株主権

The return on 公正，普通株主権 will tell you how efficient a company is 存在 with 株主 公正，普通株主権, says Admans.

'It 対策 the company's profitability with the money 株主s have 投資するd. The higher it is the better. And you are looking for it to be 維持できる.'

He says you will need to go 支援する and calculate the return on 公正，普通株主権 over several years. If it is 一貫した that shows 安定, but if it has gone up and 負かす／撃墜する that 示すs there has been some source of 不安定.

This could be the 経済的な 環境, the 開始する，打ち上げる of a new 商売／仕事, or an 投資 overs eas, and you should do some 研究 to find out.

'You need to collect all the （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） and come up with an opinion at the end,' says Admans.

利益／興味 cover

収入s before 利益／興味 and 税金 (EBIT) divided by 利益／興味 expense

利益／興味 cover tells you whether a company can 会合，会う the 利益／興味 支払い（額）s on its 負債.

'If not do you want to 投資する in them? 結局 there is going to be a problem,' points out Admans.

He says you are looking for the 安心 of any 人物／姿／数字 above 1 and preferably above 1.5.?

Anything いっそう少なく than 1 or around it should （犯罪の）一味 alarm bells over whether a company will be able to keep up with 利益／興味 支払い（額）s.

（株主への）配当 cover

収入s per 株 divided by total 年次の （株主への）配当

'Is your （株主への）配当 covered? If not, that means it's coming out of 資本／首都. At some point the （株主への）配当 is going to get 削減（する） or disappear 完全に,' says Admans.

If a company axes its （株主への）配当, income 投資家s and income 基金s will 保釈（金） out of the 在庫／株.

'Somewhere 負かす／撃墜する the line it's going to have a 重要な 衝撃 on the 株 price and your personal wealth,' Admans 警告するs.

On the other 手渡す, a company that 反対／詐欺 sistently grows （株主への）配当s can bring 広大な／多数の／重要な returns, 特に if you keep reinvesting them in more 株.

Many companies have a （株主への）配当 政策, which might be for example that payouts to 株主s are 概して twice covered by 収入s, so find out what it is and consider how likely 管理／経営 is to stick with it.

現在の 割合

現在の 資産s divided by 現在の 義務／負債s

This is a liquidity 割合 that 対策 the company's ability to 会合，会う its short-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 義務s, explains Admans.

'A 割合 under 1 示唆するs that the company would be unable to 会合，会う its 義務s if they （機の）カム 予定 at that point,' he says.?

'It does not やむを得ず mean that it will go 破産者／倒産した as there are many ways to 接近 財政／金融.'

'It does 供給する some insight into the company's efficiency and its ability to turn 製品s into cash.?

It is 価値（がある） remembering though that 操作／手術s in each 産業 異なる so it is useful to compare companies within its same 部門 or 産業.'