酸性の reflux pills are linked to worrying 味方する-影響s... but is 外科 REALLY the answer?

By Lois Rogers

Published: | Updated:

Chicken, peas and mashed potato might seem like a 公正に／かなり ordinary meal to most people, but, for Bradley Phelps, that dinner after an 操作／手術 he had at a 私的な hospital in March 2022 was the first normal meal he'd been able to eat in five years.?

'It was amazing,' he says. 'I had 非，不，無 of the 苦痛, nausea or 酸性の coming 支援する into my mouth that I had with normal meals before. I couldn't believe it.'?

That day, Bradley had become one of the first people in Britain to be 扱う／治療するd with a marble-sized implant for gastro-oesophageal reflux 病気 (GORD), a chronic 条件 which now 影響する／感情s millions of adults.?

With more people developing reflux because of obesity and 欠如（する） of 演習, and 関心s over the health 危険s from the long-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 use of over-the-反対する 陽子 pump inhibitor 麻薬s (PPIs) to 扱う／治療する it, there is likely to be a growing clamour for such 外科.?

'I had been getting ますます unwell for about 15 years and, for the previous five years, I'd been 存在するing on a piece of 乾燥した，日照りの toast for breakfast and a 挟む for tea,' says Bradley, 71, a retired gardener who lives in Leicester with his wife Barbara, 69.?

With more people developing reflux because of obesity and lack of exercise, and concerns over the health risks from the long-term use of over-the-counter proton pump inhibitor drugs (PPIs) to treat it, there is likely to be a growing clamour for such surgery (stock photo)

With more people developing reflux because of obesity and 欠如（する） of 演習, and 関心s over the health 危険s from the long-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 use of over-the-反対する 陽子 pump inhibitor 麻薬s (PPIs) to 扱う／治療する it, there is likely to be a growing clamour for such 外科 (在庫／株 photo)

He'd first developed GORD in his 中央の-50s. By the time of his 外科, he says, eating anything more than tiny 量s of bland food was excruciating.?

'The 苦痛 in my throat was with me 24 hours a day, and my chest felt as if there was an elastic 禁止（する）d 一連の会議、交渉／完成する it.'?

Bradley is の中で the 概算の one in four people in Britain who, によれば the charity Heartburn 癌 UK, have been recommended PPIs, one of the world's most 広範囲にわたって used 麻薬s for 酸性の reflux.?This is where the stomach contents 泡 painfully 支援する up into the oesophagus, the tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach.?

While some people are predisposed to?GORD as they age, obesity is the main factor behind the 増加する in 事例／患者s.?

With around 70 per cent of men and 60 per cent of women either overweight or living with obesity, these 人物／姿／数字s might help explain why more men than women are 影響する／感情d.

Doctor TikTok - 専門家s 査定する／（税金などを）課す viral health 傾向s?

This week: Brown noise to 静める 苦悩?

Social マスコミ says: 'Brown' noise is a lowfrequency sound 類似の to the better-known white noise but omits high-frequency sounds.?

Online searches for 'how to use brown noise' to 静める 苦悩 and 援助（する） 緩和, in particular for those with attention 赤字 hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are up more than 1,000 per cent per month and ビデオs with the tag have more than 125million 見解（をとる）s on TikTok.

The 専門家's 判決:?'Brown noise uses different frequencies which results in a deeper, more 激しい sound, like a low hum or 強い雨, compared to white noise, which is like static,' says 臨床の psychologist Dr Jenna?Vyas-物陰／風下 from mental health clinic Kove.?

'There is no strong 証拠 that any "colour" noise helps with ADHD, but some people 報告（する）／憶測 確かな types help with 集中. This could be to do with a number of factors, such as 減ずるing background noise so a person can 焦点（を合わせる） on the 仕事 in 手渡す.?

'We know little about the 機械装置s at work here, but there are hypotheses that the human ear finds brown noise frequencies 慰安ing. Some people have 示唆するd that it's 類似の to sounds we may have heard in the womb.?

'If your 苦悩 is 厳しい and it is 衝撃ing your ability to 機能（する）／行事, 捜し出す help from a therapist or your GP.'

宣伝

誘発する／引き起こすs 含む spicy foods, citrus fruits and caffeine, which can irritate the 弁 between the stomach and the oesophagus.?

If the lining of the oesophagus is 繰り返して exposed to stomach 酸性の, it can become 損失d and scarred, 原因（となる）ing it to become narrower and making swallowing food difficult.?

Stomach 酸性の （危険などに）さらす can also lead to Barrett's oesophagus, a growth of 異常な 独房s that 原因（となる）s 苦痛, difficulty swallowing, the sensation of food 存在 stuck in the throat, an unpleasant taste in the mouth and bad breath.?

This 異常な 独房 growth can, in turn, lead to 癌. 癌 研究 UK says 率s of oesophageal 癌 have 増加するd by 40 per cent since the 早期に 1970s, and the 病気 （人命などを）奪う，主張するs 8,000 people a year in the UK.?

Yet there is a growing 団体／死体 of 証拠 linking PPIs ― the very 麻薬s that can 減ずる reflux - to longer-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 害（を与える）.?

In one 最近の 熟考する／考慮する, 研究員s from six U.S. universities looked at data from more than 5,700 people from the late 1980s onwards and 設立する that taking PPI 麻薬s for more than 4.4 years was linked?with a higher incidence of dementia in those over 45, 報告（する）／憶測d the 定期刊行物 ?Neurology in August.?

'PPIs are thought to 影響する／感情 beta amyloid, a type of protein,' explains Chris Sutton, 臨床の director of upper gastrointestinal 外科 at Leicester 王室の ?Infirmary.

'Beta amyloid build-up is associated with dementia. There is a 自然に occurring enzyme in the brain called V-ATPase that （疑いを）晴らすs beta amyloid, but PPIs 干渉する with that enzyme 生産／産物.'?

Other 熟考する／考慮するs have 示唆するd that PPIs can 減ずる absorption of ビタミンs and minerals from diet, which has been linked to 開発 of osteoporosis, 同様に as 許すing the growth of harmful bacteria in the digesti ve system which would 普通は be killed by stomach 酸性の.?

'PPIs work by 封鎖するing the 生産／産物 of 酸性の in the stomach,' says Mr Sutton.?

'Natural 生産／産物 of stomach 酸性の kills bacteria. If you 減ずる the 量 of 酸性の in the stomach, people are at greater 危険 of food 毒（薬）ing or 感染 with Clostridium difficile [a 潜在的に serious 感染].'?

PPIs have been 利用できる without prescription since 2015. It's 恐れるd many 患者s stay on them for years, even though the NHS website says, for example, that over-the-反対する omeprazole, one of the most popular PPIs, should only be taken for 14 days.?

It 追加するs: 'If you feel no better after 14 days, tell your doctor, who may want to do その上の 実験（する）s or change your 薬／医学.'?

But some UK 専門家s 主張する PPI 利益s far outweigh any 害（を与える）s.?

'They are very good 麻薬s and for the 広大な 大多数 they work 井戸／弁護士席 と一緒に lifestyle changes,' says Paul Goldsmith, a 顧問 外科医 at Manchester University NHS 創立／基礎 信用.?

Triggers or reflux include spicy foods, citrus fruits and caffeine, which can irritate the valve between the stomach and the oesophagus (stock photo)

誘発する／引き起こすs or reflux 含む spicy foods, citrus fruits and caffeine, which can irritate the 弁 between the stomach and the oesophagus (在庫／株 photo)

And Tim Underwood, a professor of gastro-腸の 外科 at Southampton University, says: 'The link between PPIs and 条件s like Alzheimer's has been overplayed. Millions of people have been taking PPIs for many years and they're 罰金.'?

When Bradley, a fit six-footer who's never been overweight, developed reflux, the 原因（となる） was a?mystery.?

By the time he had that chicken and mash meal 18 months ago, his 制限するd lifestyle meant his 負わせる had dropped to いっそう少なく than 11st. The reflux had also left him with a hiatus hernia as a result of a 弱めるing in the osophageal sphincter, the （犯罪の）一味 of muscle that keeps food 負かす／撃墜する in the stomach.?

A keen cook, he and Barbara chose a home の近くに to Leicester's golden mile of curry houses when they moved from Kent nine years ago to be 近づく their daughter Sarah, 41, and grandchildren Annabelle, 11 and Myles, eight.?

Bradley even did an Indian cookery course to 改善する his repertoire of spicy dishes.?

'But all that had to stop because I just couldn't eat curry any more. I tried all the different PPIs over about five years but they never really gave much 改良.'?

The main 外科 for reflux 病気 is an 操作／手術 called a fundoplication, which 伴う／関わるs wrapping the 底（に届く） of the oesophagus around the 開始 to the stomach to form a 弁.?

A newer 手続き, the Linx 操作／手術, was introduced in 2012. Here, a （犯罪の）一味 of interlinked beads, each with a weak 磁石の 軍隊 that 持つ／拘留するs the beads together, is placed at the 底（に届く） of the oesophagus 経由で keyhole 外科. When the person swallows, the 磁石の 軍隊 is 打ち勝つ and 許すs the （犯罪の）一味 to open.?磁石の attraction then brings the beads together again and the oesophagus is の近くにd - stopping stomach 酸性の 漏れるing 支援する into it.?

However, these 手続きs can fail if the 患者 puts on more 負わせる - 増加するing 圧力 on the stomach. 患者s can be left unable to vomit or burp, which can 原因（となる） 苦痛.?

Bradley is one of 25 people in the UK to を受ける a new approach, using a 装置 called RefluxStop.?

外科医s make a small pouch at the junction where the oesophagus joins the stomach and 挿入する a ball (made of 医療の grade silicone), half an インチ in 直径, which 行為／法令／行動するs like a one-way 弁. It 許すs food to go through, but nothing can come 支援する up.

Bradley says: 'I hadn't had a curry for about five years but I had the first one within five days of the 操作／手術 and, within a week, I was 支援する to a 全く normal diet.'?

Nick Boyle, a 上級の specialist reflux 外科医 who operates in the 私的な 部門 in London, carried out Bradley's 操作／手術, which cost £15,000. The website for Mr Boyle’s clinic 宣言するs the new 装置 ‘is creating excitement の中で clinicians and 患者s alike’.

But not all 外科医s think there's enough 証拠 to support its use.

Professor Underwood says: 'There is no data on the success of RefluxS 最高の，を越す and people should not have the 装置 挿入するd outside a 臨床の 裁判，公判. There is 類似して no data on whether the Linx 手続き is better than fundoplication.?

'We are about to 乗る，着手する on the first 事業／計画（する） to answer this question with a 熟考する／考慮する 伴う／関わるing 460 people who will be 無作為に 割り当てるd to each of the different 治療s, but it will take three to five years to get results.'?

顧問 general 外科医 Paul Goldsmith 追加するs: 'There are some 患者s who may 利益 from 外科 but it's a very small 百分率 of the total number.'?