An 抗生物質 設立する in 肝臓 of sharks 'could revolutionise human 薬／医学'

By Ted Thornhill
Updated: 01:55 BST, 20 September 2011

An 抗生物質 設立する in sharks could be used as 麻薬 to 扱う／治療する human ウイルスs and revolutionise 薬／医学, new 研究 has 設立する.?

The 構内／化合物, 設立する in the 肝臓 of the predator, could be used as a new type of 麻薬 to 扱う／治療する a 幅の広い spectrum of 病気s from dengue and yellow fever to 肝炎 B, C and D.?

The 抗生物質, squalamine, is already known to be 安全な for use in humans as an antiviral スパイ／執行官.?

打開: A 構内／化合物 設立する in sharks could 保護する humans from a 範囲 of 病気s

Dr Michael Zasloff, from Georgetown University who led the 熟考する／考慮する, said: ‘To realise that squalamine 潜在的に has 幅の広い antiviral 所有物／資産／財産s is immensely exciting, 特に since we already know so much from 現在進行中の 熟考する／考慮するs about its behaviour in people.’

They 設立する that in both lab and animal 実験s squalamine produced antiviral activity against the human pathogens 設立する in the 病気s such as some forms of 肝炎 which cannot 現在／一般に be 扱う／治療するd.?

Along with 申し込む／申し出ing 医療の 前進するs this 発見 may solve the mystery of how sharks with 原始の 免疫の systems can so 効果的に fight ウイルスs that 疫病／悩ます all living creatures.?

Dr Zasloff said: ‘I believe squalamine is one of a family of 関係のある 構内／化合物s that 保護するs sharks and some other “原始の” ocean vertebrates, such as the sea lamprey, from ウイルスs.

‘Squalamine appears to 保護する against ウイルスs that attack the 肝臓 and 血 tissues, and other 類似の 構内／化合物s that we know 存在する in the shark likely 保護する against respiratory viral 感染s, and so on.

‘We may be able to harness the shark's novel 免疫の system to turn all of th ese antiviral 構内／化合物s into スパイ／執行官s that 保護する humans against a wide variety of ウイルスs.

‘That would be 革命の. While many antibacterial スパイ／執行官s 存在する, doctors have few antiviral 麻薬s to help their 患者s, and few of those are 概して active.’

Dr Zasloff discovered squalamine in 1993 and it has already been used in 臨床の 裁判，公判s to 扱う／治療する 癌 and several 注目する，もくろむ disorders.?

‘I was 利益／興味d in sharks because of their seemingly 原始の but 効果的な 免疫の system. No one could explain why the shark was so hardy,’ he said.

Water 利益／興味ing 発見: The 熟考する／考慮する may solve the mystery of how sharks with 原始の 免疫の systems can so 効果的に fight ウイルスs that 疫病／悩ます all living creatures

When he started to ‘play’ with the 構内／化合物 he 設立する that it inhibited the growth of 速く growing 血 大型船s, such as those 設立する in tumour growth and 確かな retinal 病気s.?

Since 1995 it has been syn 論題／論文d in the 研究室／実験室 rather than taking any natural shark tissue.?

Dr Zasloff remained 利益／興味d in how the natural cholesterol type 分子, which has a 逮捕する 肯定的な 電気の 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金, 行為／法令／行動するd as an 免疫の スパイ／執行官 in sharks.

When it enters 独房s, and it can only 接近 確かな 独房s 含むing those in 血 大型船s, capillaries and the 肝臓, squalamine ‘kicks off’ 前向きに／確かに-告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d proteins that are bound to the negatively 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d surface of the 独房s inner membrane.

Some of these 追い出すd proteins are used by ウイルスs to replicate and without the protein a ウイルス's life cycle is 混乱に陥れる／中断させるd, the microbe is （判決などを）下すd inert and the 独房 含む／封じ込めるing it is destroyed.?

This means that squalamine seems to be designed to fight 確かな viral 感染s, Dr Zasloff （人命などを）奪う，主張するd.?

He said: ‘To me, the 重要な to squalamine is that once in the 団体／死体 it times its 活動／戦闘 to match the life cycle of most ウイルスs.

‘Most ウイルスs take hours to 完全にする their life cycle, the same time period that squalamine （判決などを）下すs tissues and 組織／臓器s viral 抵抗力のある after 行政.?

‘In 新規加入, it 行為／法令／行動するs 急速な／放蕩な to stop viral replication, （疑いを）晴らすing the 団体／死体 of these predators within hours.

‘その上に, because squalamine 行為／法令／行動するs by making the host's tissues いっそう少なく receptive for 感染, rather than by 的ing a 明確な／細部 viral protein, the 出現 of viral 抵抗 would not be 心配するd.’

In tissue culture 熟考する／考慮するs squalamine was shown to inhibit the 感染 of human 血 大型船 独房s by the dengue ウイルス and human 肝臓 独房s 感染させるd with 肝炎 B and D, which can 原因（となる） 肝臓 失敗 and 癌.

In animal 熟考する／考慮するs, scientists from across the USA discovered that squalamine controlled 感染s of yellow fever, Eastern equine encephalitis ウイルス, and murine cytomegalovirus, and in some 事例／患者s cured the animals.

The 熟考する／考慮する was published in the 訴訟／進行s of the 国家の 学院 of Sciences 早期に 版 online yesterday.