患者 無 FINALLY exonerated: The gay 空気／公表する steward 非難するd for starting the エイズ 疫病／流行性の in the US did NOT start HIV spread, new 熟考する／考慮する 確認するs

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Gaetan Dugas (pictured) was 非難するd for bringing HIV to North America in the 1980s

An 空気／公表する steward 悪名高くも 非難するd for starting the 援助（する）s 疫病／流行性の in the US in the 1980s has been exonerated by scientists.?

Gaetan Dugas, a French-Canadian gay man, was posthumously labelled '患者 無' by an 冷淡な マスコミ and （刑事）被告 of 選び出す／独身-handedly 存在 責任がある the spread of HIV and 援助（する）s across North America.

But new 研究 shows he was 簡単に one of many thousands of people 感染させるd by the ウイルス in the years before HIV was 認めるd.

The 熟考する／考慮する by the University of Cambridge 供給するs the most conclusive 証拠 to date that Dugas could not have been responsible.?

Before he died, Dugas 補助装置d 捜査官／調査官s with a 重要な 量 of personal （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） as 専門家s tried to 設立する whether 援助（する）s was 原因（となる）d by a sexually tran smitted スパイ／執行官.

This, 連合させるd with 混乱 between a letter and a number, 与える／捧げるd to the 発明 of '患者 無' and the 全世界の defamation of Dugas, によれば Cambridge University historian Dr Richard McKay.

His findings and those of a US 専門家s who genetically 実験（する）d １０年間s-old 血 見本s to 地図／計画する the 早期に spread of HIV in America are published in the 定期刊行物 Nature.

Dr McKay said: 'Gaetan Dugas is one of the most demonized 患者s in history, and one of a long line of individuals and groups vilified in the belief that they somehow 燃料d 疫病／流行性のs with malicious 意図.'

報告（する）／憶測s 現れるd in 早期に 1982 of historical 性の links between several gay men with 援助（する）s in Los Angeles, 誘発するing 捜査官／調査官s to interview the men and ask for the 指名するs of their 性の 接触するs.

More links were 暴露するd across southern California, but one 関係 （機の）カム up 繰り返して - that of 事例／患者 057, a 広範囲にわたって traveled 航空機による 従業員.

The US 中心s for 病気 支配（する）／統制する (CDC) 捜査官／調査官s 雇うd the coding system to identify individual 患者s, numbering each person linked to a cluster of 事例／患者s in sequence.

However, 事例／患者 057 was derived from a 愛称 - 'Out(味方する) of California', abbreviated with the letter O.

'Some 研究員s discussing the 調査 began 解釈する／通訳するing the あいまいな oval as a digit, and referring to 患者 O as 患者 0,' said Dr McKay. ''無' is a capacious word. It can mean nothing. But it can also mean the 絶対の beginning.'

同様に as 寄付するing 血 plasma for 分析, 事例／患者 057 - Dugas - was able to 供給する the 指名するs of 72 of the 概略で 750 partners he had had a 性の 関係 with in the previous three years.

'The fact that Dugas 供給するd the most 指名するs, and had a more memorable 指名する himself, likely 与える／捧げるd to his perceived centrality in this 性の 網状組織,' Dr McKay 追加するd.

Genetic 分析 of HIV taken from a 1983 血 見本 from Dugas showed he was not even a 'base' 事例／患者 for 緊張するs of the ウイルス 流布している at the time.

This 地図／計画する created by the University of Cambridge shows that 患者 無 (annotated in green) was far from the beginning of the spread of the ウイルス

Dugas was 選び出す／独身d out by People Magazine as one of the 25 most intriguing people of 1987. Pictured is an annotated copy of the magazine, which was sent 不明な to the San Francisco エイズ 創立／基礎 to show the intensity of the angry, 消極的な stigma against Dugas

When Quebec-born Dugas (pictured) was 20 years old, he moved to Vancouver to learn English and get his dream 職業 as a flight attendant. He was 診断するd with Kaposi's Sarcoma, a type of 癌 frequently 設立する in エイズ 患者s, in 1980, and died in 1984 at 31 years old

A '追跡する of error and hype' led to him 存在 branded with the '患者 無' 肩書を与える, Dr McKay 持続するd.

The genetic 熟考する／考慮する led by scientists at the University of Arizona 確認するd that HIV 初めは 'jumped' from the Caribbean 地域 to the US in around 1970, first 現れるing in New York City.?

From here, it quickly spread across the continent.

新聞記者／雑誌記者 Randy Shilts 述べるd Dugas as a promiscuous man who recklessly continued to have sex with other men にもかかわらず knowing he was at 危険 of transmitting the ウイルス in his 1987 調書をとる／予約する And The 禁止（する）d Played On.?

People Magazine 選び出す／独身d out Dugas in 1987 as one of the 25 most intriguing people of the year, 説 that his '猛烈な／残忍な 性の 運動 gave impetus to an 疫病／流行性の that （人命などを）奪う，主張するd his life and thousands more'.

That same year, Time Magazine spread a 類似の narrative about Dugas, calling Shilts's account of the 疫病／流行性の 'a 素晴らしい 調書をとる／予約する'.

The New York 地位，任命する called Dugas 'The Man Who Gave Us 援助（する）s' in a headline, Science of Us 報告（する）／憶測d.

Dugas was born in Quebec City in 1952. He moved to Vancouver when he was 20 years old to learn English and get his dream 職業 as a flight attendant.

He began working for 空気／公表する Canada in 1974 and traveled often between Vancouver, Montreal, Halifax and Toronto. Dugas, who had 'several hundred partners each year' によれば McKay, also spent time in New York in San Francisco.

He was 診断するd with Kaposi's Sarcoma, a type of 癌 frequently 設立する in エイズ 患者s, in 1980.

Dugas died in Quebec City in 1984, at 31 years old.?