After my heart op, my memory was so bad I forgot I’d written a 調書をとる／予約する! The experience of 小説家 IAN ROSS 最高潮の場面s a ありふれた but little-known 影響. So why on earth does it happen?

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My 外科医?had 警告するd me some memory loss was possible after open-heart 外科 ― I just didn’t realise やめる how extreme it might be.

Within three weeks of my 発射する／解雇する from hospital, I stood embarrassed at a till in M&S having forgotten a PIN I had used for years.?

I also couldn’t 解任する the passcode on my home’s alarm system, and twice I stood outside my home as the bells rang out and I was 否定するd 入ること／参加（者）. I even struggled to remember my own brother’s 指名する on one occasion after （犯罪の）一味ing him.

But just how 不正に my memory had been dented became 明らかな a month after I’d been 発射する／解雇するd from Broadgreen Hospital in Liverpool ― when I became, as my publisher neatly put it, ‘the man who forgot he wrote a novel’.

I was （疑いを）晴らすing out my laptop in 準備完了 for the arrival of a new model when I （機の）カム across something I did not recognise.

My 外科医 had 警告するd me some memory loss was possible after open-heart 外科 ― I just didn’t realise やめる how extreme it might be. Within three weeks of my 発射する／解雇する from hospital, I stood embarrassed at a till in M&S having forgotten a PIN I had used for years [とじ込み／提出する photo]

Having waded through a predictable mountain of とじ込み／提出するs relating to my previous 職業 as Everton Football Club’s director of communications, I （機の）カム across a word 文書 labelled ‘For The Good Of All (Die Glocke)’.

After clicking on the ‘open’ button, I sat 支援する and 星／主役にするd at what appeared to be the first page of a piece written by me.

My 指名する stood below the 肩書を与える, and having Googled ‘Die Glocke’ I now knew it to be German for ‘the bell’. The 文書 was long ― 125,000 words ― but I 簡単に could not remember 令状ing it.

By checking when the さまざまな 一時期／支部s had been written, it became （疑いを）晴らす that the entire piece had been 完全にするd in a seven-week period の直前に I underwent major heart 外科 in 早期に 2017.

At the age of 60, I had developed chest 苦痛s when walking or 開始するing stairs and after seeing my GP I was referred for an angiogram (an X-ray that can （悪事，秘密などを）発見する blockages in arteries).

This showed I had 厳しく 損失d arteries, which led to an 即座の 任命 with Andrew Muir, a 顧問 cardiac 外科医 at Broadgreen who told me: ‘You are lucky not already to have had a heart attack ― and a big one.’

My arteries were so 封鎖するd I needed heart bypass 外科 緊急に. Also known as coronary artery byp ass 汚職，収賄ing (CABG or, as it is not too surprisingly known in the 医療の world, cabbage) the idea of this is to redirect 血 so that it bypasses a section of a 封鎖するd or 部分的に／不公平に 封鎖するd artery in the heart.

The 手続き 伴う／関わるs taking a healthy 血 大型船 from the 脚, arm or chest and connecting it below and above the 封鎖するd artery. My knowledge of the human heart is 限られた／立憲的な, so, assuming as I did from talking to fellow 苦しんでいる人s that the 最大限 number of bypasses possible was three, I was amazed when Mr Muir told me that I 要求するd five.

It comes with manifold dangers. ‘Two per cent chance of dying during 外科, smaller chance of a 一打／打撃 during your 回復 period and the 可能性 of slight, 初期の brain 損失 which would likely manifest itself in memory loss,’ Mr Muir 警告するd me.

I made it through the nine-hour 操作／手術 without any 明らかな 複雑化s, and all seemed 井戸／弁護士席 until 24 hours later I began to point to my throat and was struggling to breathe.

I had 契約d the superbug MRSA. This had attacked my 肺s, which 敏速に began to 崩壊（する）. I spent the next three weeks in a medically induced 昏睡 大（公）使館員d to a ventilator, and on two occasions my family was told that there was a strong chance I might die.

However, after seven weeks in 集中的な care I was 許すd home, almost 2 st はしけ.

The first 指示，表示する物 that my memory ― or my cognitive ability ― had been 影響する／感情d by the 外科 was not the 発見 of my novel, but my 失敗 to remember the 指名する of a Hollywood A-lister.

A week into my 長引いた convalescence, I was watching the film The Matrix, 星／主役にするing at it but failing to come up with the 指名する of the 主要な actor. It was Keanu Reeves, but his 身元 was lost in a 混乱させるing and upsetting 霧.

I made it through the nine-hour 操作／手術 without any 明らかな 複雑化s, and all seemed 井戸／弁護士席 until 24 hours later I began to point to my throat and was struggling to breathe. I had 契約d the superbug MRSA

My pre-illness memory had always been sharp. As I’d been 警告するd of the 見込み of short-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 memory loss, I shouldn’t have been either surprised or worried by such instances, but I was.

I felt uncharacteristically 攻撃を受けやすい ― thrilled to discover that I had penned a novel but worried about what other precious memories may have slipped away.

Memory loss after open-heart 外科 was first flagged up 20 years ago in a 定期刊行物, に引き続いて a 熟考する／考慮する at Duke University Hospital in North Carolina, U.S., which 明らかにする／漏らすd that cognitive impairment can be ‘surprisingly たびたび（訪れる） and やめる 執拗な’.

In the 熟考する／考慮する, 261 people had their ‘cognitive capacity ’ 実験（する）d before 外科, then again six weeks later, six months later and at five years after their heart 外科.

The 研究員s 設立する that 42 per cent of 患者s had at least a 20 per cent 減少（する） in 実験（する） 得点する／非難する／２０s after 外科, and that in many 事例／患者s the 削減 in cognitive capacity 固執するd for five years.

There are countless theories about the 原因（となる） of this 現象. During a bypass 手続き the heart is 一時的に stopped and a heart-肺 machine takes over its work, helping to keep 血 pumping around the 団体／死体.

One 可能性 is that the 血’s 接触する with this machine 誘発する／引き起こすs an inflammatory 返答 that goes on to 影響する／感情 the brain, 原因（となる）ing 一時的な memory problems.

Yet Mr Muir says there is no 疑問 that 地位，任命する-heart 外科 memory loss is a reality, although it is usually short 称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 and any 継続している, 永久の 損失 is, he 主張するs, exceedingly rare.

‘Memory loss after heart 外科 is an 受託するd fact and a 世界的な experience for many thousands of people,’ he says. ‘If there is a problem with memory, it usually manifests itself すぐに after the 患者 has 回復するd consciousness and during a 回復 period which can いつかs be days, いつかs weeks.’

This memory loss, known as 地位，任命する-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), 影響する／感情s a 相当な number of older adults after any form of 外科, says Mr Muir, even if the problem is little-known.

Some 患者s with POCD experience memory problems, others have difficulty multi-仕事ing and learning new 技術s.

The fact I’d been placed in a 昏睡 may have 与える／捧げるd to my memory problems, because によれば Mr Muir, when putting 患者s into a 昏睡, ‘we always try to keep that sedation at the はしけ end of the 規模, that isn’t always possible.’

‘The 見込み of 化学製品s remaining in a 患者’s system and so 影響する／感情ing memory 増加するs in direct 割合 to the length and depth of the 昏睡.’

Most 患者s who are placed in a 昏睡 are 申し込む／申し出d aftercare for 地位，任命する-traumatic 強調する／ストレス disorder (PTSD).

Part of th at 治療 is to go 支援する to where you were 扱う／治療するd. And so, six months after my 操作／手術, I returned to hospital in an 試みる／企てる to fill in some blanks.

It was a curious experience. As I walked through the 集中的な care 部隊, smiling nurses who remembered me walked に向かって me with open 武器 to welcome me 支援する.

Some I remembered ― vague, shadowy 人物／姿／数字s who had been at my 味方する as I made the 旅行 支援する from the 不明瞭 of a 昏睡 to the real world ― but most I did not. I can’t say it really helped.

What helped was time. 徐々に, over five or six months, my memory was 支援する to normal.

分かれて, I still を煩う 昏睡 ‘flashbacks’, the re-running of the unpleasant and often terrifying episodes which served to 粉々にする the myth that time spent in an induced 昏睡 can be に例えるd to a long and 平和的な sleep.

But the good news is I can now remember my brother’s 指名する and even my PIN. However, I still cannot 解任する 令状ing my novel.

Ian Ross’s novel, For The Good Of All (Die Glocke), is 利用できる on amazon.co.uk (£8.19).