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アマゾン Indigenous woman 勝利，勝つs Goldman 環境 prize

Published: 08:29 BST, 24 April 2023 | Updated: 08:29 BST, 24 April 2023

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S?O PAULO (AP) - When Alessandra Korap was born in the 中央の-1980s, her Indigenous village nestled in the アマゾン rainforest in Brazil was a 港／避難所 of seclusion. But as she grew up, the nearby city of Itaituba, with its bustling streets and 商業の activity, crept closer and closer.

It wasn´t just her village feeling the encroachment of 非，不，無-Indigenous 部外者s. Two major 連邦の主要道路s 覆うd the way for tens of thousands of 植民／開拓者s, 違法な gold 鉱夫s and loggers into the 地域's 広大な Indigenous 領土s, which cover a forested area 概略で the size of Belgium.

The influx 提起する／ポーズをとるd a 墓／厳粛／彫る／重大な脅し to Korap's Munduruku people, 14,000-strong and spread throughout the Tapajos River 水盤／入り江, in Para and Mato Grosso 明言する／公表するs. Soon 違法な採掘, 水力電気 dams, a major 鉄道 and river ports for soybean 輸出（する）s choked their lands - lands they were still struggling to have 認めるd.

Korap and other Munduruku women took up the 責任／義務 of defending their people, overturning the 伝統的に all-male leadership. 組織するing in their communities, they orchestrated demonstrations, 現在のd 説得力のある証拠 of 環境の罪，犯罪 to the 連邦の司法長官 and 連邦の Police, and 熱心に …に反対するd illicit 協定s and incentives 申し込む／申し出d to the Munduruku by unscrupulous 鉱夫s, loggers, 会社／団体s, and 政治家，政治屋s 捜し出すing 接近 to their land.

Korap´s 弁護 of her ancestral 領土 was 認めるd with the Goldman 環境の Prize on Monday. The award 栄誉（を受ける）s grassroots 行動主義者s around the world who are 献身的な to 保護するing the 環境 and 促進するing sustainability.

"This award is an 適切な時期 to draw attention to the 境界設定 of the Sawre Muybu 領土," Korap told The Associated 圧力（をかける）. "It is our 最高の，を越す優先, along with the 追放 of 違法な鉱夫s."

Munduruku leader Alessandra Korap 提起する／ポーズをとるs at the Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco, Wednesday, April 19, 2023. Korap, from the Brazilian アマゾン, has been awarded the prestigious Goldman 環境の Prize for her work fighting against 違法な採掘 and large-規模事業／計画（する）s 目的（とする）d at 容易にするing soybean 輸出（する）s in the Tapajos River 水盤／入り江. (AP Photo/Eric Risberg)

Sawre Muybu is an area of virgin rainforest along the Tapajos River spanning 178,000 he ctares (440,000 acres). 公式の／役人承認 for the land, or 境界設定, began in 2007 but was frozen during the far-権利大統領／総裁などの地位 of Jair Bolsonaro, which ended in January.

Still, the Munduruku people celebrated a victory in 2021 when the British 採掘 company Anglo American gave up trying to 地雷 inside Indigenous 領土s in Brazil, 含むing Sawre Muybu.

熟考する／考慮するs have shown that Indigenous-controlled forests are the best 保存するd the in Brazilian アマゾン.

Almost half of Brazil´s 気候汚染 comes from 森林伐採. The 破壊 is so 広大な now that the eastern アマゾン, not far from the Munduruku, has 中止するd to be a 炭素沈む, or 逮捕する absorber of the gas and is now a 炭素 source, によれば a 熟考する／考慮する published in 2021 in the 定期刊行物 Nature.

Korap, however, knows that land 権利s alone don't 保護する the land.

In the 隣接地の Munduruku Indigenous 領土, 違法な鉱夫s have destroyed and 汚染するd hundreds of miles of 水路s in search of gold, even though it was 公式に認めるd in 2004.

Now Brazil's new 政府 has created the country's first 省 of Indigenous Peoples and more recently 機動力のある操作／手術s to 運動 out 鉱夫s. But Korap remains skeptical of 大統領 Luiz In?cio Lula da Silva. She sees his 活動／戦闘s as contradictory, 公式文書，認めるing that while he 支持するs for forest 保護, he also 交渉するs 貿易（する）取引，協定s with other countries to sell more of the country's t op 輸出（する）s - beef and soybeans - which are the main drivers of 森林伐採 in Brazil.

"When Lula travels abroad, he is sitting with rich people and not with forest defenders. A 省 is useless if the 政府交渉するs our lands without 認めるing we are here," she said.

Other Goldman 環境の Prize 受取人s this year are:

- Tero Mustonen, a university professor and 環境の行動主義者 from Finland, who led the 購入（する） of peatland 損失d by 明言する／公表する-sponsored 産業の activity.

-Delima Silalahi, a Batak woman from North Sumatra, Indonesia, who 組織するd Indigenous communities across the country to 支持する for their 権利s to 伝統的な forests.

-Chilekwa Mumba, a Zambian community 組織者 who has fought for and won 補償（金） for 居住（者）s 害（を与える）d by 巡査採掘 before the UK 最高裁判所.

-Zafer Kizilkaya of Turkey, a 海洋 conservationist and 自然保護 photographer who 設立するd Turkey's first community-managed 海洋保護するd area in the Mediterranean.

-Diane Wilson, an American shrimp boat captain who won a 目印事例／患者 against 石油化学（製品）巨大（な） Formosa Plastics over the 発射する／解雇する of plastic waste on the Texas 湾 Coast.

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Isabella O'Malley 与える／捧げるd from Philadelphia.

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Munduruku 軍人s try to 追放する hundreds of 違法な gold 鉱夫s from their 領土 in Southwestern Para in the Brazilian アマゾン, Jan. 26, 2017. 採掘 has 爆発するd in the 地域, 汚染するing hundreds of miles of 水路s with 破片 and 水銀柱，温度計. Korap, a Munduruku Indigenous woman from the Brazilian アマゾン, has been awarded the prestigious Goldman 環境の Prize for her work fighting against 違法な採掘 and large-規模事業／計画（する）s 目的（とする）d at 容易にするing soybean 輸出（する）s in the Tapajos River 水盤／入り江. (AP Photo/Fabiano Maisonnave)

Munduruku ride in a boat まっただ中に an 違法な gold 採掘 area in Southwestern Para in the Brazilian アマゾン, Jan. 26, 2017. 採掘 has 爆発するd in the 地域, 汚染するing hundreds of miles of 水路s with 破片 and 水銀柱，温度計. Korap, a Munduruku Indigenous woman from the Brazilian アマゾン, has been awarded the prestigious Goldman 環境の Prize for her work fighting against 違法な採掘 and large-規模事業／計画（する）s 目的（とする）d at 容易にするing soybean 輸出（する）s in the Tapajos River 水盤／入り江. (AP Photo/Fabiano Maisonnave)