70 years after: Dresden 爆破 still fresh for 生存者
DRESDEN, Germany (AP) ― Soviet 軍隊／機動隊s were 圧力（をかける）ing into Germany from the east and the other 同盟（する）s from the west, but for 12-year-old schoolboy Eberhard Renner the war seemed far away.
Dresden had been spared the 破壊 苦しむd by other cities like Berlin and Hamburg, and Renner clung to the hope that the Saxon 資本／首都 would stay off the 的 名簿（に載せる）／表（にあげる） with the war so 明確に 近づく its end.
Even as 空気／公表する-（警察の）手入れ，急襲 サイレン／魅惑的なs started 叫び声をあげるing 70 years ago Friday, Renner's father 解任するd the attack as another 偵察 使節団.
In this picture taken Thursday, Feb. 12, 2015, Ebe rhard Renner, born in Dresden in 1932, 会談 during an interview in his home one day before the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of the city during WWII in Dresden, eastern Germany. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13-14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
Then the 爆弾 fell into Renner's backyard. It blew the 厚い oak door off the 避難所 where the family had taken 避難, slamming him and his mother to the ground. Somebody yelled that the roof was on 解雇する／砲火／射撃, and they 投機・賭けるd out into the streets as the 爆弾s rained 負かす／撃墜する.
The 連合した 決定／判定勝ち（する） to firebomb Dresden ― immortalized in Kurt Vonnegut's novel "Slaughterhouse Five" ― has long been a source of 論争.
At the time, the 同盟（する）s hoped the attack on a city 深い in the German 中心地域 would 攻撃する，衝突する hard at 非軍事の 意気込み／士気 and help 軍隊 the Nazis to capitulate. Some historians, however, said the 破壊 was a 悲劇の waste of human life and cultural patrimony ― with little to no 影響 on the 結果 of the war.
Speaking at a 記念の event in the rebuilt 中心 of the city Friday, German 大統領 Joachim Gauck 保証するd 高官s from Britain and other former 連合した nations: "You should know that we 耐える no 継続している grudge."
The （警察の）手入れ，急襲s that began on Feb. 13, 1945, left the city littered with 死体s, and tens of thousands of Dresden's buildings had been turned to がれき, 含むing its famous オペラ house and museums in the historic old city. The baroque Church of Our Lady, appeared 最初 to have 生き残るd, but, 弱めるd by the 激しい heat, it 崩壊（する）d two days after the 爆破 under its own 負わせる.
As Renner wandered the streets of Dresden, he saw a dead 団体／死体 for the first time in his life. In the days to come, he would see many m 鉱石. Renner remembers the streets still 存在 littered with 団体／死体s a week after the attack and coming across the 死体 of a woman in a square.
"She was 燃やすd to a cinder, had become very small, but her 手渡す was held up and on it was her gold wedding 禁止（する）d, 向こうずねing, not blackened at all," said the 82-year-old retired architecture professor. "I will never forget this scene."
It was not just the 爆弾s dropped by the waves of British and U.S. 爆撃機s that wreaked 荒廃. The 解雇する／砲火／射撃 made superheated 空気／公表する rise 速く, creating a vacuum at ground level that produced 勝利，勝つd strong enough to uproot trees and suck people into the 炎上s. Many Dresden 居住（者）s died of 崩壊（する）d 肺s.
Renner's family made it 安全に to the home of one of his dentist father's 患者s. They were able to stay the night and 再編成する. After that they moved in with an uncle.
Nazi 宣伝 from 1945 put the death （死傷者）数 at 200,000 and after the war some scholars 概算の as many as 135,000 were killed ― more than the 連合させるd total of those すぐに killed by the 核の 爆破s in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
After neo-Nazis began inflating the 人物／姿／数字 その上の, talking of 500,000 to 1 million 犠牲者s of a "爆破 大破壊／大虐殺," the city 設立するd an 専門家 （売買）手数料，委託（する）／委員会／権限 to 調査／捜査する. It 結論するd in 2008 that closer to 25,000 people were killed in the attack.
Whatever the number, Renner 嘆く／悼むs the 犠牲者s as friends, schoolmates and neighbors. Even if the 同盟（する）s thought it would 縮める the war, he said he thinks the 爆破 was 正統化できない.
"To sacrifice 25,000 woman and children, innocent people for that? That's a war 罪，犯罪," he said. "We started the war, but it is a war 罪，犯罪."
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Rising 報告（する）／憶測d from Berlin.
In this picture taken Thursday, Feb. 12, 2015, Eberhard Renner, born in Dresden in 1932, stands in 前線 of the Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady) during an interview one day before the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of the cityt during WWII in Dresden, eastern Germany. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13-14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
In this picture taken Thursday, Feb. 12, 2015, Eberhard Renner, born in Dresden in 1932, stands in 前線 of the Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady) during an interview one day before the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of the city during WWII in Dresden, eastern Germany. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13-14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
In this picture taken Thursday, Feb. 12, 2015, Eberhard Renner, born in Dresden in 1932, stands in 前線 of the Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady) during an interview one day before the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of the city during WWII in Dresden, eastern Germany, Thursday, Feb. 12, 2015. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13-14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
In this Feb. 12, 2015 photo people walk in 前線 of the rebuilt 18th century Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady) one day before the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of Dresden during WWII in Dresden, eastern Germany, Thursday, Feb. 12, 2015. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13-14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
The Feb. 12, 2015 photo shows the Dresden skyline photographed from the Rathausturm (Townhall Tower) with the 18th century Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady), 中心, one day before the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of Dresden during WWII in Dresden, eastern Germany. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13-14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
The combination of two photos shows August Schreitmueller's sandstone sculpture "The Goodness" from the Rathausturm (Townhall Tower) overlooking the destroyed city of Dresden, eastern Germany, in 1945, left, and on Feb. 12, 2015 above a parking lot. British and US 爆撃機s destroyed Dresden's centuries-old Baroque city 中心 on Feb. 13 and 14, 1945. (AP Photo/ADN (left), Jens Meyer)
Peter Poeppelmann's sandstone sculpture 'Love and Hope' overlooks the city from the Rathausturm (Townhall Tower) with the 18th century Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady) one day before the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of Dresden during WWII in Dresden, eastern Germany, Thursday, Feb. 12, 2015. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13-14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (A P Photo/Jens Meyer)
The combination of two photos shows the Frauenkirche (Church of our Lady) in Dresden, then east Germany, on March 13, 1967, 最高の，を越す, and on Feb. 12, 2015 after its rebuilt. The church was destroyed when 連合した 爆撃機s attacked Dresden on Feb. 13, 1945. (AP Photo)
German 大統領 Joachim Gauck 配達するs a speech during a 記念の service at the Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady) 祝う／追悼するing the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of Dresden during WWII, in Dresden, eastern Germany, Friday, Feb. 13, 2015. British and U.S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13 to 14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
A child 直す／買収する，八百長をするs one of the peace candles with emblems of Dresden's twin cities during a 記念の service at the Frauenkirche cathedral (Church of Our Lady) 祝う／追悼するing the 70th 周年記念日 of the deadly 連合した 爆破 of the city during WWII, in Dresden, eastern Germany, Friday, Feb. 13, 2015. British and U. S. 爆撃機s on Feb. 13 to 14, 1945 destroyed Dresden's centuries-old baroque city 中心. (AP Photo/Jens Meyer)
