勝利者s overlook rigged games' 欠如（する） of fairness, 熟考する／考慮する finds
WASHINGTON (AP) - When it comes to fairness and 特権, a new 熟考する／考慮する finds it really is not about how you play the game. It's about whether you 勝利，勝つ or lose.
A new 実験, played out as a card game, shows that even when the deck is literally stacked in people's 好意 - and they know it - most 勝利者s still think it's fair anyway. Losers don't, によれば a 熟考する／考慮する in Wednesday's 定期刊行物 Science 前進するs .
The 熟考する／考慮する "tells us something about 特権 and about society," said Bates College sociologist Emily Kane, who wasn't part of the 研究. "It reminds us how powerful perceptions are - it's not just what is happening that 事柄s, it's often more a 事柄 of what we think is happening," she wrote in an email.
The 研究 shows how people who have advantages in life can give themselves too much credit in explaining how they got so far, Kane said.
It all started when some Cornell University sociology 卒業生（する） students were playing a card game that rewards someone who has already won. 熟考する／考慮する lead author Mario D. Molina noticed that people who won - because the 支配するs 利益d them - thought it was their 技術, when it mostly wasn't.
So Molina and 同僚s created their own game that would take away randomness as much as possible and rewarded 勝利者s by letting them discard their worst cards and take away the losers' best cards. Nearly 1,000 players were shown how it 作品 and how the game was rigged to help the 勝利者s.
FILE - In this Wednesday, Feb. 27, 2013 とじ込み／提出する photo, a 売買業者 resets a deck of cards at a casino in Las Vegas. A Cornell University 熟考する／考慮する 解放（する）d on Wednesday, July 17, 2019, created a card game that literally stacked the deck in 好意 of 勝利者s. Yet 60% of those 勝利者s thought it was fair, even though they were shown how the deck was stacked. Sociologists say the 熟考する／考慮する tells us about 特権 and how we perceive fairness. (AP Photo/Julie Jacobson)
The players were asked if the game was fair, based on luck or based on 技術. Molina said 60% of the 勝利者s thought the game was fair, compared with 30% of the losers. And when it （機の）カム to explaining who won, 勝利者s せいにするd it to talent three times more often than losers.
Once the game got even more 不公平な, with a second 一連の会議、交渉／完成する of card 交流s to その上の 利益 the 勝利者s, far より小数の 勝利者s thought the game was fair. Molina called that "the 過密な住居 Buffett 影響," after the 億万長者 who has called on higher 税金s for the rich to level th e playing field.
Molina said this is just a game and 公式文書，認めるd that the players tended to be younger, whiter and richer than America as a whole - so using these results to explain society more 概して could be too much of a leap. Yet he said it is useful when thinking about 経済的な 特権.
The main message of the 熟考する／考慮する was 悲観的な, said Eliot Smith, a brain sciences professor at Indiana University who wasn't 伴う／関わるd in the 研究: People have problems making moral judgments about fairness when it 利益s them.
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Follow Seth Borenstein on Twitter: @borenbears .
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The Associated 圧力（をかける） Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes 医療の 学校／設ける's Department of Science Education. The AP is 単独で 責任がある all content.
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This story has been 訂正するd to show Eliot Smith is a brain sciences professor at Indiana University, not a sociologist at the University of Indiana.
