Big bucks: 干ばつ-攻撃する，衝突する Zimbabweans 削減（する） poverty, poaching with larger goats
By Busani Bafana
CHIVWETU VILLAGE, Zimbabwe, May 3 (Thomson Reuters 創立／基礎) - With より悪くするing 干ばつs in western Zimbabwe making it difficult to grow enough food, the 農業者s of the Tonga community have been relying on 追跡（する）ing impala, guinea fowl and other wild animals to eat and sell for income.
The 農業者s in Binga 地区 know their 伝統的な practice of "追跡（する）ing for the マリファナ" is decimating 地元の 保護するd 野性生物 and puts them at 危険 of 存在 逮捕（する）d for poaching https://news.信用.org/item/20191111095609-802hu, but they say they have little choice: 追跡（する） or go hungry.
"This year the rain was not good, 刈るs did not 生き残る in the heat, and we know food will be 不十分な," said Levia Mugande from Chivwetu village.
But now she and dozens of other 農業者s are looking at a new way to get protein on their plates and money in their pockets: a larger 産む／飼育する of goat that fetches a higher price at market.
Last year, Mugande got her first Boer goat buck https://news.信用.org/item/20191031023040-6mgvr from the European Union-基金d 維持できる 野性生物 管理／経営 (SWM) Programme https://www.swm-programme.info, through her 農業者s' 協同組合.
The 計画（する）, she said, is to 産む／飼育する the buck with indigenous 女性（の） goats - or does - on her farm to produce bigger offspring with higher-質 meat, which can 補足（する） what she makes from selling chickens and rosella, the fruit of the hibiscus 工場／植物, in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe's second-largest city.
"I have indigenous goats that I sell twice a year to buy food and 支払う／賃金 school 料金s and other needs at home," she told the Thomson Reuters 創立／基礎 at a community 会合 近づく her home.
"But I am looking 今後 to 収入 more money from my goats," she 追加するd, 説 her native goats usually sell for up to $20 each depending on their size.
Their larger offspring, who could grow to 重さを計る up to 150 kg (330 続けざまに猛撃するs), should fetch four times as much.
The goats are p art of a balancing 行為／法令／行動する playing out around the world as 干ばつ-攻撃する，衝突する communities with failing 刈るs try to make sure everyone has enough to eat without wiping out the 地元の 野性生物 that is 必須の to a healthy ecosystem.
At the same time, the degradation of habitats 予定 to rising 気温s is 運動ing more 野性生物 の上に human 解決／入植地s in search of food and water https://news.信用.org/item/20190821033728-wrvz6, 主要な 農業者s to kill the animals.
"There are 複雑化s in balancing food availability and 自然保護 of 野性生物 ... which 提起する／ポーズをとるs a 脅し to the 刈るs and livestock on which (people) depend," said Maxwell Phiri, technical assistant for the SWM 事業／計画（する） in Zimbabwe.
開始する，打ち上げるd in 2018, it has given 30 農業者s in Binga one buck each of the 急速な／放蕩な-growing Boer and Kalahari goat 種類 to 産む／飼育する with their indigenous 女性（の）s.
So far, the does who bred with the first （製品，工事材料の）一回分 of bucks have all given birth to at least two kids, Phiri said.
農業者s get the bucks for 解放する／自由な and the 月毎の cost of keeping each animal is about $10 for 料金d and 薬／医学.
LESS POACHING
The farming 部門 雇うs more than 60% of Zimbabwe's 全住民, によれば the 国際連合' Food and 農業 Organization.
Binga, 近づく the 国境 with Zambia, has a history of insecure food 供給（する）s and incomes, in part 予定 to waves of 干ばつ, 最高気温s and erratic 降雨 https://news.信用.org/item/20200313102808-snn5h.
によれば 政府 data, Binga is one of Zimbabwe's least-developed 地区s, 最高位の as the third poorest in Matabeleland North 州 with a poverty 率 of 88%, far above the 国家の 田舎の 普通の／平均（する） of nearly 70%.
Now, with more lucrative goat 産む／飼育するs that could 潜在的に bring in higher incomes for years to come, some 農業者s in the 地区 have stopped relying on 野性生物 for their meat, said Tawanda Gonye, the 地区's veterinary 拡張 監督者.
"The community is moving away from 野性生物 回廊（地帯）s and there is a 拒絶する／低下する in 事例／患者s of 農業者s 存在 逮捕（する）d for poaching," Gonye said.
Members of Natural 資源 監視するs, a group of young community conservationists who 行為／法令／行動する as 環境の police, say they have 回復するd ten times より小数の snares on their patrols since the 事業／計画（する） started.
"We think people realise the need to 保存する 野性生物, even when there is not enough food," said Mathias Mugande, one of the 監視するs working in Binga's 区 Five.
SWM programme 調整者／コーディネーター Patrice Grimaud said the 事業／計画（する） つまずくd 早期に on, as 農業者s adjusted to raising the new goats, which 起こる／始まる in South Africa, based on training from the Department of Veterinary Services.
"Six out of the (first （製品，工事材料の）一回分) of goats died, おもに 予定 to a combination of eating poisonous 工場／植物s they were not familiar with, pests, 病気s ... and poor 栄養," he said.
Grimaud 警告を与えるd that it was too 早期に to せいにする the 拒絶する／低下する of poaching in the area 単独で to the goat 交換（する）.
He pointed to other 戦略s the SWM has introduced, such as 供給するing 農業者s with portable livestock enclosures so they do not feel the need to kill wild animals to 保護する their goats.
The 事業／計画（する） is also encouraging 農業者s to look at 代案／選択肢 protein sources such as honey, mopane worms and tamarind, he said.
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
Annette Hubschle, a 研究 fellow and 専門家 on 違法な 野性生物 economies at the University of Cape Town, said trying new foods was only a small step toward stopping people from 追跡（する）ing to 緩和する hunger linked to 気候 change.
自然保護 事業／計画（する）s should also encourage communities to adapt their farming to the changing 気候 so they do not abandon 農業 完全に, she 追加するd.
"You cannot just bring in cattle or livestock - you have to 供給する the means of 生産／産物," said Hubschle.
"In the 事例／患者 of cattle farming, it would be kraals (enclosures), sheds and water points, while a 刈る 農業者 needs different things - 接近 to water, 器具／備品 to soft en the 国／地域, seeds and compost."
Mpendulo Mwiinde, a 農業者 from Binga's 区 Four, said he and his peers have 設立する it hard to give up 追跡（する）ing when they have so little food but are starting to understand why they should poach より小数の animals.
"野性生物 is important as a 未来 資源, even though some of the animals have destroyed our 刈るs and 脅すd our livestock," he 追加するd. (報告（する）／憶測ing by Busani Bafana, Editing by Jumana Farouky and Megan Rowling. Please credit the Thomson Reuters 創立／基礎, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers the lives of people around the world who struggle to live 自由に or 公正に／かなり. Visit http://news.信用.org)
