Stand-off with 少数，小数派 セルビア人s 持つ／拘留するs 支援する Kosovo 15 years after independence
未解決の grievances 妨げる normal Kosovo-Serbia relations
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Major 論争 over 自治 需要・要求するs by Kosovo 少数，小数派 セルビア人s
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EU, U.S. 押し進めるing 味方するs to 受託する 11-point normalisation 計画（する）
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恐れるs of 騒動 rise に引き続いて Russia's 侵略 of ウクライナ共和国
By Fatos Bytyci and Ivana Sekularac
PRISTINA, Feb 13 (Reuters) - When in December Serbia put 軍隊s on highest 戦闘 警報 in 返答 to 増加するing 暴力／激しさ in Kosovo between police and 少数，小数派 セルビア人 抗議する人s, a 株主 in Pristina's newest shopping 商店街 began getting calls from unnerved 投資家s.
"International companies that were supposed to arrive for the first time in Kosovo told us that they were 延期するing 開始 shops 予定 to the 安定性のない 状況／情勢," Fatmir Zymberi told Reuters. "This meant for them Kosovo is a dangerous 地域."
激しい Western 外交 停止（させる）d a 恐れるd slide 支援する into 武装した 衝突 in the run-up to the 15th 周年記念日 on Feb. 17 of 民族の Albanian-大多数 Kosovo's independence from Serbia, the 結果 of a 1998-99 ゲリラ兵 反乱.
But 未解決の grievances continue to 妨げる normal neighbourly relations between Pristina and ベオグラード. Western 調停者s see scant chances of a 打開 soon with 国家の leaders appearing disinclined to real 妥協, at a time when Russia's war on ウクライナ共和国 has raised 恐れるs of 地域の 騒動.
The main, 長年の fount of 緊張s is the 拒絶 of 50,000 民族の セルビア人s in north Kosovo to recognise the 政府 in Pristina or Kosovo as a separate country. They instead regard ベオグラード as their 資本／首都, and Ser bia's 憲法 still 扱う／治療するs Kosovo as an integral part of its 領土.
The area of north Kosovo where 民族の セルビア人s form a 大多数 looks in some 尊敬（する）・点s like an 拡張 of Serbia.
Teachers, doctors and public 従業員s in the 地域 receive their 支払う／賃金 and 利益s from ベオグラード. 居住（者）s of セルビア人-大多数 municipalities do not 支払う／賃金 税金s either to ベオグラード or Pristina, or 支払う／賃金 for energy 供給するd by Kosovo's 明言する／公表する 公共事業（料金）／有用性.
Serbian 旗s wave in the streets, murals 布告するing Kosovo to be an eternal part of Serbia can be seen on 塀で囲むs, and shops prefer the Serbian dinar to the euro used どこかよそで in Kosovo.
The stand-off has been the 誘発する for 非常に／多数の 対決s on the ground, with セルビア人s 築くing バリケードs and 衝突／不一致ing with Kosovo 明言する／公表する police trying in vain to 課す 明言する／公表する 当局.
When Pristina late last year 行為／法令／行動するd to 施行する a 判決，裁定 that セルビア人s switch from Serbian car license plates - dating 支援する to the 1990s - to those 問題／発行するd by Pristina, 暴力／激しさ 爆発するd with セルビア人 抗議する人s 封鎖するing roads and 交流ing 解雇する／砲火／射撃 with police.
国境 crossings were 封鎖するd. Serbia put its army on highest 警報 and asked the 北大西洋条約機構 peacekeeping 軍隊 in Kosovo for 通関手続き／一掃 to send 1,000 軍隊／機動隊s there for the first time since 1999 - which 北大西洋条約機構 辞退するd, while Pristina （刑事）被告 ベオグラード of 捜し出すing to destabilise Kosovo with 同盟（する） Russia's help.
The Kremlin 否定するd 影響（力）ing Serbia to 動かす up 衝突, 説 ベオグラード was just defending the 権利s of Kosovo セルビア人s.
After 危機 介入 by European Union and U.S. 外交官s, and a Pristina 協定 to put off 施行 of the car 登録 支配するs to late 2023, Serbia 解除するd its 警報, バリケードs were 取り去る／解体するd and an edgy 静める returned.
EU'S 11-POINT NORMALISATION PLA N
In 中央の-2022, the EU 支援するd by Washington 現在のd an 11-point peace and normalisation 計画（する） to the two 味方するs. Last month, 調停者s 勧めるd them to 受託する it or 直面する repercussions 含むing loss of support for their EU 会員の地位 企て，努力，提案s.
As part of the 計画（する）, Serbia would stop ロビーing against a Kosovo seat in 全世界の organisations like the 国際連合, and Kosovo would create an 協会 of 半分-自治権のある セルビア人-大多数 municipalities, 取り組むing （民事の）告訴s of 差別.
In 早期に February, both Kosovo 総理大臣 Albin Kurti and Serbian 大統領 Aleksandar Vucic hinted at 準備完了 to 認可する the 計画（する） but said その上の 交渉s would be needed.
EU 外交政策 長，指導者 Josep Borrell said he would 招待する the two leaders to Brussels for 会合s soon. But Vucic said he 手配中の，お尋ね者 a セルビア人 municipalities group 始める，決める up before such 会談, while Kurti 手配中の，お尋ね者 them to 演説（する）／住所 "international 保証（人）s".
"There is little hope this 対話 will 現実に get anywhere. The 現在の 政府 in Kosovo is made up of such hardliners that they even make Vucic look like a reasonable 政治家," a 上級の EU 外交官, speaking on 条件 of anonymity 予定 to the fragility of the 過程, told Reuters.
"So Vucic can show he is engaging without much 危険 he would 現実に have to do hard things. It´s all bound to unravel on the Kosovo 味方する first."
Kosovo's 憲法の 法廷，裁判所 has 支配するd that special, 半分-自治権のある status for セルビア人s would be 憲法違反の, and Kurti says it would mean de facto 民族の partition of the small western Balkan 明言する／公表する.
THAW TURNS SOUR
In 2013, に引き続いて years of EU-仲買人d 交渉s to 信管を取り除く 緊張s, セルビア人s in the north took up 職業s in the Kosovo police, 司法の and 地元の 行政 r un by Pristina.
But three months ago they left all 明言する／公表する 団体／死体s in 抗議する at Pristina's 厳重取締 on Serbian 乗り物 登録s.
Although the 争い over that move has abated, "there are a lot of 武装した men around and tempers are short", Marko Prelec, a Balkans 分析家 with the Brussels-based International 危機 Group think-戦車／タンク, told Reuters.
"I am more worried than I have been in many years about the 危険 of 衝突 in north Kosovo that could then 流出／こぼす into 報復 attacks on セルビア人s in south Kosovo. There could be 報復 attacks on Albanians in the north (too)."
Another 50,000 セルビア人s live in Albanian-大多数 areas south, east and west of the northern flashpoint town of Mitrovica, and they 運動 cars with Kosovo license plates, 支払う／賃金 Kosovo 税金s and electricity 法案s, and recognise the 独立した・無所属 明言する／公表する.
"I do not want to move, I want to stay here and live if our safety is 認めるd," Slavoljub Djuric, 62, who raises pigs and chicken on his family farm, one of 250 セルビア人 世帯s, in the western village of Osojane, told Reuters.
Djuric said Kosovo and セルビア人 leaders should 捜し出す 妥協. "Do something for the people so they can have (good) lives. War here has not brought anything good to anyone."
ETHNIC TENSIONS STUNT DEVELOPMENT
Fifteen years into Kosovo's independence, 得点する／非難する／２０s of U.N. member countries - 含むing several in the EU with their own restive 少数，小数派s - do not recognise its statehood, while Serbia and Russia continue to 封鎖する Pristina from joining international organisations.
The degree of 合法的な 不確定 and 不安定 hanging over Kosovo has deterred many 投資家s and left it の中で the poorest countries in Europe, with one third of its 全労働人口 失業した.
Zymberi, the Pristina shopping 商店街 株主, said that at the 高さ of December's 緊張s a foreign 商業の bank 無期限に／不明確に 延期するd a 重要な 40-million-euro 貸付金 to the centre.
"I tell Kosovo 政治家，政治屋s to 取引，協定 本気で and find a 解答 to this problem. We cannot live forever with it. The 最小限 they could do is 避ける using the word 'war'."
From 2015-2019 some 170,000 Kosovars - 10% of the 全住民 - left their 母国 to 捜し出す better lives in Western Europe.
経済学者 Safet Gerxhaliu said Kosovo's prospects were 苦しむing from the 欠如（する） of real peace with ベオグラード and 不安定な 支配する of 法律. "We really have failed. And this 失敗 today is 存在 paid for by Kosovo 国民s," Gerxhaliu said.
(報告（する）／憶測ing by Ivana Sekularac and Fatos Bytyci in Pristina with 付加 報告（する）／憶測ing by Gabriela Baczynska in Brussels; editing by 示す Heinrich)
