海洋 heatwaves are 広範囲にわたる the seafloor around North America
By Gloria Dickie
March 13 (Reuters) - Heatwaves 広げるing on the 底（に届く） of the ocean can be more 激しい and last longer than those on the sea surface, new 研究 示唆するs, but such extremes in the 深い ocean are often overlooked.
A team of scientists with the U.S. 国家の 大洋の and Atmospheric 行政 have 行為／行うd the first 査定／評価 of 海洋 heatwaves along North America's 大陸の 棚上げにするs.
They 設立する that these 底（に届く） heatwaves 範囲d from 0.5 degrees Celisus to 3C warmer than normal 気温s and could last more than six months - much longer than heatwaves at the surface.
"We 簡単に don't have a トン of 器具s on the ocean 底（に届く） along 大陸の 棚上げにするs," said 熟考する／考慮する co-author Dillon Amaya, a NOAA 気候 scientist. "The ocean is a powerful thing. It destroys 器具s that we have in the water for too long."
Surface heatwaves can be 選ぶd up by 衛星s and can result in 抱擁する algal blooms. But, Amaya said, often no one knows a 底（に届く） 海洋 heatwave is happening until the 衝撃s show up in 商業の 底（に届く）-dwelling 種類 like lobsters and crabs.
The 査定／評価, published in the 定期刊行物 Nature Communications, used computer models of the ocean and 観察s to 分析する seafloor heatwaves. It 設立する that while いつかs a 海洋 heatwave can 攻撃する，衝突する both the sea surface and ocean 底（に届く） at the same time, 底（に届く） heatwaves can also occur on their own.
The ocean has 吸収するd about 90% of the 超過 heat from 全世界の warming, with the ocean's 普通の／平均（する） 気温 増加するing by about 0.9C over the last century. 海洋 heatwaves have become about 50% more たびたび（訪れる） over the past １０年間.
"It's a little いっそう少なく （疑いを）晴らす if 気候 change is strongl y 衝撃ing 底（に届く） 海洋 heatwaves in the same way it would at the surface," Amaya said, 説 changes to ocean 循環／発行部数 patterns could also play a 役割.
Past 底（に届く） 海洋 heatwaves have decimated 太平洋の cod and snow crab 全住民s. "太平洋の cod in the 湾 of Alaska is an important 漁業 and ... that 全住民 has 拒絶する／低下するd by 75% に引き続いて the big 海洋 heatwave in 2015," said Michael Jacox, a scientist at NOAA's 南西 漁業s Science 中心.
Warmer water, he said, can 増加する the energy needs of 種類 at the same time that there's いっそう少なく prey 利用できる for them to eat, 主要な to more deaths and より小数の births. (報告（する）／憶測ing by Gloria Dickie; Editing by Angus MacSwan)
