Scientists 論争 熟考する／考慮する touting 声の learning in chimpanzees
By Will Dunham
WASHINGTON, Nov 2 (Reuters) - A team of scientists took 問題／発行する on Monday with a 熟考する／考慮する published in February （人命などを）奪う，主張するing to 論証する 声の learning by chimpanzees in their food grunts, 説 the 研究員s 申し込む／申し出d 誇張するd 主張s 支援するd by scant 証拠.
The authors of that 熟考する／考慮する in the 定期刊行物 現在の Biology, which received wide マスコミ ニュース報道, 明言する／公表するd chimps joining another 軍隊／機動隊 changed their calls to match their new peers in a finding 解釈する／通訳するd as shedding light on language 進化.
They called it the first 証拠 that animals besides humans can 取って代わる the 声の sounds their native group used for 反対するs, in this 事例／患者 apples, with those of their new group.
Julia Fischer of the German 大主教 中心, New York University's James Higham and the University of Kent's Brandon Wheeler, re-分析するing the 熟考する／考慮する for the same 定期刊行物, questioned its methods and said the 研究員s misrepresented data and failed to 支配する out 代案／選択肢 explanations.
The 初めの 熟考する／考慮する's eight authors stood by their findings and 申し込む／申し出d a rebuttal of the new 分析.
"This was a pretty 激烈な example of 誇張するd （人命などを）奪う，主張するs based on a thin data 始める，決める," Fischer said.
"Some people are more happy to 受託する a wild explanation. Others aren't."
Fischer said the main findings of the re-分析 were that the chimps' vocalizations did not 異なる 大幅に in the first place and the 観察するd 転換s in some call 特徴 were nothing new.
"It seems a stretch to make bold （人命などを）奪う，主張するs about language 進化 from these data," Higham 追加するd.
The 熟考する／考慮する 焦点（を合わせる）d on chimps moved in 2010 from a Netherlands safari park to Scotland's Edinburgh Zoo to live with other chimps there. Three years later, the grunt the Dutch chimps used to 言及する to an apple changed from a high-pitched eow-eow-eow to the lower-pitched udh-udh-udh used by the Scots, those 研究員s said.
"The 初めの 熟考する／考慮する evoked the impression that there are 居住（者） Scottish animals, and then a group of Dutch animals is introduced and they 'start to speak like the Scottish animals,'" Fischer said.
The 研究員s failed to 支配する out simple explanations such as the Dutch animals 存在 more excited about apples than the Scottish animals or feeling insecure in their new surroundings, Fischer 追加するd.
The 初めの authors 答える／応じるd: "We are not aware of any literature 示すing arousal would selectively 影響（力） 声の 行為 独立して of foraging 行為." They 論争d that the chimp calls were 高度に 類似の at the 手始め and that 証拠 for an acoustic change was weak. (報告（する）／憶測ing by Will Dunham; Editing by Sandra Maler)
