Married 黒人／ボイコット couple who escaped slavery in US in 1850 and fled to England to （選挙などの）運動をする for 廃止 are honoured with blue plaque at their former London home

開拓する: 独立した・無所属 MP William Wilberforce wrote the Slave 貿易（する） 行為／法令／行動する in 1807 which 廃止するd the 産業 across the British Empire. It was 制定するd in 1833?

?The transat lantic slave 貿易（する） was 開始する，打ち上げるd by Portuguese 仲買人s with the construction of sub-Saharan Africa's first 永久の slave 貿易（する）ing 地位，任命する at Elmina in 1492.

But it soon passed into Dutch then English 手渡すs and, by the 18th century, was seeing tens of thousands of Africans shipped through 'the door of no return' each year on squalid slave ships bound for 農園s in the Americas.

European 仲買人s would sail to the west coast of Africa with 製造（する）d goods which they 交流d for people 逮捕（する）d by African 仲買人s.

The European merchants would then cross the 大西洋 with ships 十分な of slaves on the 悪名高い 'Middle Passage'.

条件s were so torrid that many of the captors, who often had barely any space to move, did not 生き残る the 旅行.

For those who did 生き残る, 条件s did not 改善する much.

They were sent to toil on 農園s across the modern-day 部隊d 明言する／公表するs, the Caribbean and South American nations such as Brazil, producing 刈るs 含むing sugar, coffee and タバコ for 消費 支援する in Europe.

By the 1660s, British 関与 had 拡大するd so 速く in 返答 to the 需要・要求する for 労働 to cultivate sugar in Barbados and other British West Indian islands that the number of slaves taken from Africa in British ships 普通の／平均（する）d 6,700 per year.

A century later, Britain was t he 真っ先の European country engaged in the slave 貿易（する）. Of the 80,000 Africans chained and shackled and 輸送（する）d across to the Americas each year, 42,000 were carried by British slave ships.

農園 owners were often cruel taskmasters, 軍隊ing their 捕虜s to work without 残り／休憩（する） for many hours and meagre rations.

The owners themselves - often the younger sons of British aristocrats who crossed the 大西洋 to find their own riches after their fathers' wealth was passed 負かす／撃墜する to their older brothers - made fortunes which many used to build lavish homes across the English countryside.

But by the end of the 18th Century, the first calls for 十分な 廃止 of slavery were 存在 made in Britain.

Fuelled by a 一連の 法廷，裁判所 裁判／判断s 解放する／自由なing slaves and the 影響（力） of 宗教, many 主要な 人物／姿／数字s joined the chorus for 廃止.

At first, the （選挙などの）運動をする was 反対するd 堅固に by those who 利益（をあげる）d from it. But then 独立した・無所属 MP William Wilberforce took the 舵輪／支配 of the growing anti-slavery movement and its wave of 活動／戦闘 gathered pace.

In the 1790s, Wilberforce was 説得するd to ロビー for the 廃止 of the slave 貿易（する） and for 18 years he 定期的に introduced anti-slavery 動議s in 議会.

The （選挙などの）運動をする was supported by many members of the Clapham Sect and other abolitionists who raised public 認識／意識性 of their 原因（となる） with 小冊子s, 調書をとる／予約するs, 決起大会／結集させるs and 嘆願（書）s.

In 1807, Wilberforce drew up the Slave 貿易（する） 行為／法令／行動する which finally to abolis hed the 産業 in Britain.

It did not 解放する／自由な those who were already slaves, however, and it was not until 1833 that a second 行為／法令／行動する was passed giving freedom to all slaves in the British empire.

The first British-owned slave to 勝利，勝つ his freedom through the 法廷，裁判所s was James Somersett, an enslaved African, owned by customs officer Charles Stewart in Boston, Massachusetts.

In 1771, soon after he was brought to Scotland, Somersett ran away but was re-逮捕（する）d and put on a ship bound for Jamaica. But three people （人命などを）奪う，主張するing to be Somersett's godparents from his baptism as a Christian in England, John Marlow, Thomas Walkin, and Elizabeth Cade, made an 使用／適用 before the 法廷，裁判所 of King's （法廷の）裁判 for a 令状 of 人身保護（令状）.

After a month of consideration, 裁判官 Lord 司法（官） Mansfield 支配するd that James should be 始める，決める 解放する／自由な. He called the 事例／患者 '嫌悪すべき' and said that 'the （人命などを）奪う，主張する of slavery can never be supported'.

This was あられ／賞賛するd as a 広大な／多数の／重要な victory by James and his 支持者s and 始める，決める an important precedent, 広範囲にわたって taken to mean that when a slave 始める，決めるs foot on English 国／地域, he becomes 解放する／自由な. It wasn't until Wilberforce's 1807 行為／法令／行動する, though, that owning foreign slaves on foreign lands was 無法者d.

The ancestors of a host of 井戸／弁護士席-known Britons have been linked to the slave 貿易（する） in 最近の years.

の中で them is 首相 David Cameron whose first cousin six times 除去するd, General Sir James Duff, in 新規加入 to 利益ing fro m slavery while it was 合法的な in the British empire, was given £4,101, equal to more than £3 million today ($4.7 million dollars), for the 202 黒人／ボイコット people he enslaved on the Grange Sugar 広い地所 in Jamaica.

Nineteenth Century 実業家 William Jolliffe, a 親族 of Cameron's wife, Samantha, also 得るd the rewards of slavery, receiving £4,000, or around £3.25million in today's money, in 政府 補償（金） for having to 解放する／自由な 164 slaves in St Lucia に引き続いて 廃止.

Others whose families benefitted from slavery 含む, Lord Coe, actor Benedict Cumberbach, secularist Richard Dawkins, former 大臣 Douglas Hogg, authors Graham Greene and George Orwell and poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning.