気候 change is 'off the charts': Damning 報告（する）／憶測 明らかにする／漏らすs how 記録，記録的な／記録するs were 粉砕するd for 温室 gas 放出／発行s, 全世界の 気温s and sea level rise in 2023 - and scientists 警告する 'changes are スピード違反 up'

By Jonathan Chadwick For Mailonline

Published: | Updated:

気候 change is 'off the charts' and 現在のs a 'defining challenge' to humanity, a damning new 報告（する）／憶測 警告するs today.???

The World 気象の Organization (WMO) says several 気候 記録，記録的な／記録するs were broken and in some 事例／患者s '粉砕するd' last year.

温室 gas levels, surface 気温s, ocean heat and acidification, sea level rises, and 南極の ice loss all 増大するing in 2023 予定 to 化石 燃料 放出／発行s.?

'サイレン／魅惑的なs are blaring across all major 指示する人（物）s,'?said 国際連合 長官-General Ant?nio Guterres.?

'Some 記録，記録的な／記録するs aren't just chart-topping, they're chart-破産した／（警察が）手入れするing ? and changes are スピード違反-up.'?

From greenhouse gas emissions to air surface temperatures, climate change indicators reached record levels in 2023

From 温室 gas 放出／発行s to 空気／公表する surface 気温s, 気候 change 指示する人（物）s reached 記録，記録的な／記録する levels in 2023

READ MORE:?気候 change could cost the world up to $24 TRILLION by 2060

Effects of climate change will have 'cascaded' through multiple industries

影響s of 気候 change will have 'cascaded' through 多重の 産業s?

宣伝

The WMO's 明言する／公表する of the 全世界の 気候 報告（する）／憶測, published today, 確認するs that the year 2023 broke 'every 選び出す／独身 気候 指示する人（物）'.?

TEMPERATURES??

WMO 確認するd that?2023 was the warmest year on 記録，記録的な／記録する, as already 発表するd by the UN's Copernicus 気候 change programme in January.?

The 全世界の 普通の／平均（する） 近づく-surface 空気／公表する 気温 for the year was at 2.61°F (1.45°C) above the pre-産業の 普通の／平均（する） (1850 to 1900).

Before 2023, the two previous warmest years were 2016 (2.32°F/1.29°C above the 1850?1900 普通の／平均（する）) and?2020 (2.28°F/1.27°F?above the 1850?1900 普通の／平均（する）).?

What's more, the past nine years ? between 2015 and 2023 ? were the nine warmest years on 記録，記録的な／記録する.

But the 専門家s 収容する／認める that the 転換 to 'El Ni?o' 条件s in the middle of 2023 与える／捧げるd to a 早い rise in 気温 from 2022 to 2023.?

El Ni?o is natural 気候 現象 where there's warmer-than-普通の／平均（する） sea surface 気温s in the central and eastern 太平洋の Ocean 近づく the 赤道.?

This graph shows annual global mean temperature anomalies (relative to 1850?1900) from 1850 to 2023. Data is from six temperature data sets, including the UK Met Office's?HadCRUT5

This graph shows 年次の 全世界の mean 気温 anomalies (親族 to 1850?1900) from 1850 to 2023. Data is from six 気温 data 始める，決めるs, 含むing the UK Met Office's?HadCRUT5?

Global map of the planet's oceans, showing the highest marine heatwaves in 2023, from moderate in yellow to extreme in dark brown

全世界の 地図／計画する of the 惑星's oceans, showing the highest 海洋 heatwaves in 2023, from 穏健な in yellow to extreme in dark brown

Why are 気温s compared to 'pre-産業の' levels??

Pre-産業の levels 行為／法令／行動する as a （判断の）基準 for how much the Earth's 気候 has changed.?

The pre-産業の period is typically defined as the time before human activities - such as 燃やすing coal for heat - began to have a 重要な 衝撃 on the Earth's 気候.?

By comparing 現在の 気温s to pre-産業の 気温s, 専門家s can 孤立する the 影響s of human activity from natural 気候 variability.

宣伝

GREENHOUSE GASES?

気温s are 大部分は 燃料d by 温室 gas 放出／発行s, and these continued to climb in 2023.?

WMO says data for 集中s of the three main 温室 gases in the 空気／公表する (炭酸ガス, methane and nitrous 酸化物) are not yet 利用できる for the whole of 2023, but in 2022 they reached 'new highs'.?

Globally 普通の／平均（する）d 集中s were 417.9 parts per million (ppm) for 炭酸ガス (CO2), 1,923 parts per billion (ppb) for methane (CH4), and 335.8 ppb for nitrous 酸化物 (N2O).

それぞれ, this 示すs an alarming rise of 150 per cent, 264 per cent and 124 per cent compared with 温室 gas 集中s levels in the year 1750.?

'For more than 250 years, the 燃やすing of oil, gas and coal has filled the atmosphere with 温室 ガス／無駄話s,' said Dr Friederike Otto, 気候 lecturer at 皇室の College London, who wasn't 伴う／関わるd in the 報告（する）／憶測.?

'The result is the 悲惨な 状況／情勢 we are in today ? a 速く heating 気候 with dangerous 天候, 苦しむing ecosystems and rising sea-levels, as 輪郭（を描く）d by the WMO 報告（する）／憶測.

'To stop things from getting worse, humans need to stop 燃やすing 化石 燃料s. It really is that simple.

'If we do not stop 燃やすing 化石 燃料s, the 気候 will continue to warm, making life more dangerous, more 予測できない, and more expensive for billions of people on earth.'

OCEAN HEAT?

Although the main metric for 手段ing how hot the 惑星 is getting is 空気／公表する 気温s,?WMO also 跡をつけるs how hot the world's waters are getting.?

Nu merous 逆の 影響s result from ocean warming, 含むing 加速するd melting of Earth's ice sheets and sea level rise 予定 to thermal 拡大.?

Ocean 種類 are also 脅すd, 含むing 珊瑚 which become 'bleached' white?予定 to the 強調する／ストレス of higher 気温s.??

When the ocean environment changes - if it gets too hot, for instance - coral stresses out and expels algae which makes it turn white. Pictured, coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef during a mass bleaching event in 2017

When the ocean 環境 changes - if it gets too hot, for instance - 珊瑚 強調する／ストレスs out and 追放するs algae which makes it turn white. Pictured, 珊瑚 bleaching on the 広大な／多数の／重要な 障壁 暗礁 during a 集まり bleaching event in 2017

This graph shows anomalies in the heat of Earth's oceans (relative to the 2005?2021 average) between 1960 and 2023

This graph shows anomalies in the heat of Earth's oceans (親族 to the 2005?2021 普通の／平均（する）) between 1960 and 2023

READ MORE:?World could soon experience the worst 珊瑚 bleaching event ever

Pictured, bleached coral at Heron Island in Queensland, Australia

Pictured, bleached 珊瑚 at Heron Island in Queensland, Australia

宣伝

一方／合間, CO2 解散させるing in the ocean 原因（となる）s acidification of the waters, which makes it harder for 海洋 life such as lobsters, shrimp and 珊瑚 暗礁s to 生き残る.?

WMO says the 全体にわたる 気温 of Earth's oceans have risen since 1960 and 'it is 推定する／予想するd that warming will continue'.?

The Southern Ocean is the largest 貯蔵所 of heat, accounting for around 32 per cent of the ocean heat 増加する since 1958.?

The 大西洋 Ocean accounts for around 31 per cent, while the 太平洋の Ocean makes up around 26 per cent.?

SEA LEVELS?

Rising sea levels can 原因（となる） 悲惨な flooding, 軍隊ing 当局 to spend millions on flood defences and even 軍隊 people to 逃げる their homes.?

This is 大部分は 存在 原因（となる）d by the 増加するd melting of land-based ice, such as glaciers and ice sheets.

Again, in 2023, 全世界の mean sea levels reached a 記録，記録的な／記録する high since they first started to be 跡をつけるd with 衛星s, in 1993.?

Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) are the largest contributor to global climate change, accounting for over 75 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions, according to the UN

化石 燃料s (coal, oil and gas) are the largest contributor to 全世界の 気候 change, accounting for over 75 per cent of 全世界の 温室 gas 放出／発行s, によれば the UN

Rising sea levels can cause disastrous flooding, forcing authorities to spend millions on flood defences and even force people to flee their homes. Pictured,?flooding in Thailand

Rising sea levels can 原因（となる） 悲惨な flooding, 軍隊ing 当局 to spend millions on flood defences and even 軍隊 people to 逃げる their homes. Pictured,?flooding in Thailand

Graph shows the global average rise in sea levels since they first started to be tracked with satellites, in 1993

Graph shows the 全世界の 普通の／平均（する） rise in sea levels since they first started to be 跡をつけるd with 衛星s, in 1993

READ MORE The 20 countries with the highest 危険 of flooding?

Scientists are worried because settlements are expanding into flood danger zones

Scientists are worried because 解決／入植地s are 拡大するing into flood danger zones?

宣伝

によれば the WMO,?普通の／平均（する） sea level rises went from 0.08-インチ (2.13mm) per year between 1993 and 2002, to 0.13-インチ (3.33mm) per year between 2003 to 2012, and finally?0.18-インチ (4.77mm) per year between 2014 and 2023.?

Although this may not sound like much, Professor Jonathan Bamber, director of the Bristol Glaciology Centre at the University of Bristol, said this could lead to 壊滅的な long-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 change.?

'Our own 研究 示すs that, if 温室 gas 放出／発行s continue unabated, there is a small chance that we could experience up to a 2 metre rise by 2100,' he said.

'This would truly be 壊滅的な for civilisation with the 可能性のある to 追い出す around a tenth of the 全住民 of the 惑星.?

'We are looking at the 見えなくなる of small island nation 明言する／公表するs in the not too distant 未来 and inundation of ひどく 居住させるd 沿岸の zones.'

MELTING ICE?

予定 to the higher surface and ocean 気温s, ice in the 南極の reached a 記録，記録的な／記録する low since 記録，記録的な／記録するs began in 1979.?

September's 年次の 最大限 ? when 南極の ice is usually at its greatest extent 予定 to colder 気温s ??was 6.54 million sq miles (16.96 million sq km).?

This is 概略で 5.7 million sq miles (1.5 million sq km) below the 1991-2020 普通の／平均（する） and 386,000 sq miles (1 million sq km2) below the previous 記録，記録的な／記録する low 最大限.

In the northern 半球 一方／合間, the Greenland Ice Sheet ? the world's second-biggest ice sheet after 南極の ? continued to lose 集まり in 2023.?

連合させるing the two ice sheets, 普通の／平均（する） 率s of 集まり loss 増加するd from 105 gigatonnes per year from 1992-1996 to 372 gigatonnes per year from 2016?2020.?

Sea ice plays an important role maintaining the Earth's energy balance while helping keep polar regions cool due to its ability to reflect more sunlight back to space. Pictured, sea ice in the water off Cuverville Island?in the Antarctic

Sea ice plays an important 役割 持続するing the Earth's energy balance while helping keep polar 地域s 冷静な／正味の 予定 to its ability to 反映する more sunlight 支援する to space. Pictured, sea ice in the water off Cuverville Island?in the 南極の

Left graph shows daily Arctic sea-ice extent from January through December, showing 2023 (red line) against the climate normal (1991?2020, dark blue) and the record highest and lowest extents for each day (mid blue). Right image shows ice concentration on September 19, 2023, at the annual minimum Arctic ice extent. The yellow line indicates the median ice edge for the 1981?2010 period

Left graph shows daily 北極の sea-ice extent from January through December, showing 2023 (red line) against the 気候 normal (1991?2020, dark blue) and the 記録，記録的な／記録する highest and lowest extents for each day (中央の blue). 権利 image shows ice 集中 on September 19, 2023, at the 年次の 最小限 北極の ice extent. The yellow line 示すs the median ice 辛勝する／優位 for the 1981?2010 period

The world's glaciers ? which 反映する sunlight 支援する into space and help keep the 惑星 冷静な／正味の ? likely 苦しむd 'the largest loss of ice on 記録，記録的な／記録する' since 1950.?

In Switzerland, which relies on ice for the ski season, glaciers have lost around 10 per cent of their remaining 容積／容量 in the past two years.

'If that 傾向 continues then we could see much of the アルプス山脈 devoid of glaciers in a 事柄 of １０年間s,' said?Professor Bamber.

'That is something that few, if any of us, would have 推定する／予想するd see happen so 速く.'??

Climate scientists are constantly tracking sea ice extent throughout the seasons and comparing its size with the same months from previous years, in order to see how it's changing. Data from National Snow and Ice Data Center has recently showed that sea ice extent is lower than the average since records began, regardless of time of year

気候 scientists are 絶えず 跡をつけるing sea ice extent throughout the seasons and comparing its size with the same months from previous years, ーするために see how it's changing. Data from 国家の Snow and Ice Data 中心 has recently showed that sea ice extent is lower than the 普通の／平均（する） since 記録，記録的な／記録するs began, 関わりなく time of year

A glacier is an accumulation of snow compacted over thousands of years to become solid ice. Glaciers are important sources of water as they hold about two-thirds of the Earth's freshwater. Pictured, the Langtang Glacier in Nepal

A glacier is an accumulation of snow compacted over thousands of years to become solid ice. Glaciers are important sources of water as they 持つ／拘留する about two-thirds of the Earth's freshwater. Pictured, the Langtang Glacier in Nepal

研究員s also 警告する that extreme 天候 events 含むing floods, 熱帯の サイクロンs, 干ばつ, and wildfires, are linked with the warming of the 惑星 and so will likely keep occurring.?

These will 攻撃する，衝突する '攻撃を受けやすい 全住民s' in countries without the ability to 答える／応じる adequately already 攻撃する，衝突する by food insecurity, such as?Somalia, Sudan and Syria.?

'気候 change can 強める 存在するing 不平等s and social and 経済的な 圧力s, placing その上の 圧力 on the people and places who are already under 強調する／ストレス and who h ave often done the least to 原因（となる） 気候 change in the first place,' said?Dr Leslie Mabon, lecturer in 環境の systems at The Open University.?

Professor Tina 先頭 de Flierdt, 長，率いる of the Department of Earth Science and 工学 at 皇室の College London, called the new 報告（する）／憶測 'alarming'.?

'一般に, the data in the 報告（する）／憶測 増強するs that 気候 change is not a distant 脅し ? it is here now, and it is already 衝撃ing lives 世界的な,' she said.?

'However, it is important to 公式文書，認める that we are not yet locked into this trajectory.?

'The 未来 is in our 手渡すs, and 現在進行中の 気候 事業／計画（する）s and greater use of clean energy sources 申し込む／申し出 hope for a just and resilient 未来.'?

干ばつs, floods, 解雇する／砲火／射撃s and 台風s: The 20 costliest 気候 災害s of 2023, 明らかにする／漏らすd??

From 干ばつs, floods, wildfires and 熱帯の 嵐／襲撃するs, no corner of the globe was spared by 悲惨な 気候 events in 2023.?

A new 報告（する）／憶測 明らかにする／漏らすs the 20 most financially 高くつく／犠牲の大きい 気候 災害s of the year ? and?all six of the world's 居住させるd continents are on the 名簿（に載せる）／表（にあげる）.?

At the 最高の，を越す is the shocking Hawaii wildfires in August, which killed at least 100 people and cost over $4,000 per person in 損害賠償金.?

Also featured are the 嵐／襲撃するs in Guam in May ? which cost almost $1,500 per 長，率いる of 全住民 ? floods in New Zealand, 干ばつs in Spain?and wildfires in Chile.?

Read more?

気候 Change & 全世界の Warming国際連合