JK Rowling's trans tweets have NOT been 記録，記録的な／記録するd as '非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件', police 明らかにする／漏らす - after Harry Potter author dared officers to 逮捕（する） her まっただ中に （激しい）反発 over Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪 法律s

By Jon Brady

Published: | Updated:

JK Rowling's tweets have not been 記録，記録的な／記録するd as a '非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件' (NCHI), police have said, after the Harry Potter?author dared officers to 逮捕（する） her for referring to trans women as 'men' under Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪 法律s.

Police Scotland says it will not be taking その上の 活動／戦闘 against the writer for a thread of tweets she penned on April 1 on a number of high-profile trans women and 罪人／有罪を宣告するd 犯罪のs, whom she referred to as 'men, every last one of them'.

Rowling will not have the 示す put against her 指名する - but nor will First 大臣 Humza Yousaf, who was the 支配する of an even greater number of 報告（する）／憶測s to police under Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪 法律s for a speech he made in 議会 in 2020.

Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪 法律 criminalises 'stirring up 憎悪' against a number of 保護するd 特徴 含むing age, transgender?身元, disability and people who are intersex - but has 誘発するd 抗議するs まっただ中に 恐れるs it will 制限する 解放する／自由な speech.

The Scottish 政府 has 以前 said de liberately misgendering someone - referring to someone by pronouns other than those that they prefer - would not be criminalised under the new 法律制定.

JK Rowling at the premiere of Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald in London in 2018. She will not face police action over tweets referring to transgender women as 'men'

JK Rowling at the 首相 of Fantastic Beasts: The 罪，犯罪s of Grindelwald in London in 2018. She will not 直面する police 活動／戦闘 over tweets referring to transgender women as 'men'

Scotland's new hate crimes laws sparked protests after they came into effect on April 1 (pictured: a rally outside the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh)

Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪s 法律s 誘発するd 抗議するs after they （機の）カム into 影響 on April 1 (pictured: a 決起大会／結集させる outside the Scottish 議会 in Edinburgh)

Rowling responded to the news on X, formerly Twitter, writing: 'We must all be equal under the law'

Rowling 答える／応じるd to the news on X, 以前は Twitter, 令状ing: 'We must all be equal under the 法律'

Humza Yousaf (pictured on Monday) will not receive an NCHI mark against his name over a speech he made in 2020 about racial inequality in Scotland

Humza Yousaf (pictured on Monday) will not receive an NCHI 示す against his 指名する over a speech he made in 2020 about racial 不平等 in Scotland

SNP MP Joanna Cherry has called on Police Scotland to wipe its existing database of NCHIs

SNP MP Joanna Cherry has called on Police Scotland to wipe its 存在するing database of NCHIs

Scottish Conservative MSP Murdo Fraser - who has an NCHI against his name - says the decision not to log a non-crime hate incident against Mr Yousaf 'reeked of political bias'

Scottish 保守的な MSP Murdo Fraser - who has an NCHI against his 指名する - says the 決定／判定勝ち（する） not to スピードを出す／記録につける a 非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件 against Mr Yousaf 'reeked of political bias'

Both Ms Cherry and Mr Fraser have criticised the use of non-crime hate incident markers

Both Ms Cherry and Mr Fraser have criticised the use of 非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件 markers

And Rowling appeared to 証明する that was the 事例／患者 with a 一連の tweets on April 1, the day the 法律 （機の）カム into 影響, in which she sarcastically referred to a number of high-profile trans women, 同様に as several 罪人／有罪を宣告するd 犯罪のs, as 'she'.

Rowling - a multimillionaire?who made more than £8million from 行う／開催する／段階 play Harry Potter and the 悪口を言う／悪態d Child alone?last year - then said: 'April Fools! Only kidding.

'明白に, the people について言及するd in the above tweets aren't women at all, but men, every last one of them.'

非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件s (NCHIs) are logged by the 軍隊 when an 出来事/事件 does not 会合，会う the 犯罪の threshold but is thought to be '動機づけるd by malice and ill-will に向かって a social group', によれば Police Scotland 指導基準s.?

Rowling was 報告（する）／憶測d to Police Scotland over the comments, but the 軍隊 later said her 地位，任命するs had not passed the threshold of criminality, and has since 確認するd her comments would not be logged as an NCHI.

On Wednesday night, officers said neither Rowling nor Mr Yousaf would have a '非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件' logged against their 指名する - a 統計に基づく 場内取引員／株価 used to 跡をつける 傾向s in hate 出来事/事件s that do not 会合，会う 犯罪の thresholds across Scotland.

A spokesperson told the 先触れ（する） newspaper: 'The circumstances have been 査定する／（税金などを）課すd and will not be 記録，記録的な／記録するd as a 非，不，無-罪，犯罪 Hate 出来事/事件.'

Rowling said of the 決定／判定勝ち（する） in a follow-up 地位，任命する on X, 以前は Twitter: 'I 信用 everyone will be 扱う／治療するd the same way if they 表明する themselves 類似して.?

'Nobody should have a "Hate 出来事/事件" logged against them for 正確に 述べるing, or 主張するing the importance and reality, of 生物学の sex. We must all be equal under the 法律.'?

However, police have been （刑事）被告 of playing politics by some of Mr Yousaf's political 対抗者s, 含むing Scottish Tory MSP Murdo Fraser, who has an NCHI against his 指名する.

Last year, he said identifying as a '非，不，無-binary' person - someone who does not see themselves as 排他的に male or 女性（の） - would be 'as valid as choosing to identify as a cat'.

He said tonight of the 決定／判定勝ち（する） not to スピードを出す／記録につける an NCHI against Mr Yousaf: 'It is hard not to 結論する that Police Scotland has been 逮捕（する）d by the SNP 政策 協議事項 and that this is a 決定／判定勝ち（する） that reeks of political bias.'

Victims and community safety minister Siobhian Brown says there has been 'a lot of misinformation and hysteria' around Scotland's new hate crime bill

犠牲者s and community safety 大臣 Siobhian Brown says there has been 'a lot of misinformation and hysteria' around Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪 法案

JK Rowling's comments about transgender women, in which she referred to them as 'men', were judged not to meet the criminal threshold by Police Scotland

JK Rowling's comments about transgender women, in which she referred to them as 'men', were 裁判官d not to 会合，会う the 犯罪の threshold by Police Scotland

A protest against the new hate crime laws took place outside the Scottish Parliament on April 1, the day the legislation came into effect

A 抗議する against the new hate 罪，犯罪 法律s took place outside the Scottish 議会 on April 1, the day the 法律制定 （機の）カム into 影響

Rowling has received support from Elon Musk online. He has previously voiced his opposition to the hate crime laws

Rowling has received support from Elon Musk online. He has 以前 発言する／表明するd his 対立 to the hate 罪，犯罪 法律s?

After Rowling was judged not to have committed a crime under the new legislation, she was given support by billionaire owner of troubled social network X, formerly Twitter

After Rowling was 裁判官d not to have committed a 罪，犯罪 under the new 法律制定, she was given support by 億万長者 owner of troubled social 網状組織 X, 以前は Twitter

Joanna Cherry, an SNP MP who has called Rowling a 'good friend', has called on Police Scotland to wipe its database on NCHIs clean and start fresh.

She （人命などを）奪う，主張するd the 軍隊 was '改訂するing its 政策...on the hoof' ーするために 避ける 記録，記録的な／記録するing 出来事/事件s against Rowling and Mr Yousaf.

Ms Cherry 追加するd: 'Police Scotland should wipe their 存在するing database of 非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件s and carry out a proper review of their 政策 in line with the 原則 of equality before the 法律.'

Mr Yousaf is believed to be the 支配する of the most （民事の）告訴s under the new?Hate 罪，犯罪 and Public Order (Scotland) 行為／法令／行動する over a speech he made in 2020 に引き続いて the death of George Floyd in the 部隊d 明言する／公表するs.

An insider told the Sun: 'A lot of those （民事の）告訴s were about Humza Yousaf, on the same （民事の）告訴 about his 議会の rant. JK Rowling has had some, but not as many as Humza Yousaf.'?

The speech, which saw the then-Scottish 司法（官） 長官 making a 嘆願 for racial equality, has been 循環させるd for years, out of 状況, by far-権利 Twitter accounts 捜し出すing to portray the First 大臣 as 人種差別主義者.

In the clip, the SNP leader tells of how people are often surprised he is the only '非，不，無-white person in the room' at most of the 会合s he …に出席するs.

He then 追加するs: 'The Lord 大統領 is white, the Lord 司法（官） Clerk is white, every High 法廷，裁判所 裁判官 is white, the Lord 支持する is white, the Solicitor General is white, the 長，指導者 constable is white, every 副 長，指導者 constable is white, every assistant 長，指導者 constable is white, the 長，率いる of the 法律 Society is white, the 長，率いる of the Faculty of 支持するs is white and every 刑務所，拘置所 知事 is white.'

Mr Yousaf was 捜し出すing to 最高潮の場面 how few people of colour are in positions of 力／強力にする in Scotland's 議会 and 政府 - but far-権利 行動主義者s stripped the clip of 状況 and sought to 示唆する he was calling for a 削減 in the number of white people in Scotla nd.

News 機関 Reuters 問題／発行するd a fact-checking 公式文書，認める on the ビデオ after Elon Musk, owner of troubled social 網状組織 X, 以前は Twitter, branded Mr Yousaf a '露骨な／あからさまの 人種差別主義者' in 返答 to a 地位，任命する of the ビデオ from a 井戸／弁護士席-known 右翼 account.

It 結論するd: 'The speech did not 主張する that white people （不足などを）補う too large a 割合 of Scotland's 全体にわたる 全住民.'?

The ビデオ has been re-株d a number of times, 含むing in the build-up to the new 法律 taking 影響 - and is now believed to have been submitted to police a number of times as いわゆる 証拠 of the First 大臣's 人種差別主義.?

But police say the ビデオ was 査定する／（税金などを）課すd against race hate 法律制定 in the past and Mr Yousaf's comments were not 裁判官d to have been 犯罪の.

A Police Scotland spokesperson said: 'We have received a number of （民事の）告訴s in relation to a speech in the Scottish 議会 on June 10, 2020.

'Earlier （民事の）告訴s regarding this 事柄 were 査定する／（税金などを）課すd at the time and it was 設立するd no 罪，犯罪 was committed and no その上の 活動／戦闘 was 要求するd.'

Women's rights campaigners have hit out at Scotland's new hate crime law (pictured: protests outside the Scottish Parliament on April 1)

Women's 権利s 選挙運動者s have 攻撃する，衝突する out at Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪 法律 (pictured: 抗議するs outside the Scottish 議会 on April 1)

Opponents of the law say it will threaten free speech - but the SNP has insisted it will protect freedom of expression

対抗者s of the 法律 say it will 脅す 解放する／自由な speech - but the SNP has 主張するd it will 保護する freedom of 表現

Humza Yousaf was targeted by racist graffiti close to his home in Broughty Ferry, near Dundee, first reported by local newspaper The Courier (above)

Humza Yousaf was 的d by 人種差別主義者 graffiti の近くに to his home in Broughty フェリー（で運ぶ）, 近づく Dundee, first 報告（する）／憶測d by 地元の newspaper The 特使 (above)

Trans newsreader India Willoughby accused Police Scotland of having 'star dust' in their eyes for failing to take action against JK Rowling over a string of tweets

Trans newsreader India Wi lloughby （刑事）被告 Police Scotland of having '星／主役にする dust' in their 注目する，もくろむs for failing to take 活動／戦闘 against JK Rowling over a string of tweets?

Si nce the 法律 （機の）カム into 影響, a house の近くに to Mr Yousaf's in the Dundee 郊外 of Broughty フェリー（で運ぶ） has been daubed with 人種差別主義者 graffiti 含む／封じ込めるing derogatory 言及／関連s to イスラム教徒s and Pakistani people.

It has been universally 非難するd by the leaders of Scotland's 政党s, and police are 調査／捜査するing.

The 決定／判定勝ち（する） not to 調査／捜査する Rowling's comments 誘発するd an 激しい抗議 from transgender newsreader India Willoughby - one of the 10 trans women 的d in the writer's thread of tweets - who （刑事）被告 officers of getting 'stardust in their 注目する，もくろむs'.

But on Tuesday, Rowling 答える／応じるd to the 決定／判定勝ち（する）, 令状ing online: 'If they go after any woman for 簡単に calling a man a man, I'll repeat that woman's words and they can 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金 us both at once.'

She was supported by X owner Elon Musk - who has a transgender daughter, Vivian Jenna Wilson, who has distanced herself from her father - as he 答える／応じるd to the tweet with a 解雇する／砲火／射撃 emoji.

Musk has 発言する／表明するd his 対立 to the new hate 罪，犯罪 法律, which carries 刑罰，罰則s of up to seven years in 刑務所，拘置所 in the most 厳しい 事例／患者s.
Rowling - who also 令状s under the male pen 指名する of Robert Galbraith - was also given support by the 総理大臣, Rishi Sunak , who said on Tuesday: 'We should not be criminalising people for 説 ありふれた-sense things about 生物学の sex .'
一方／合間, Scotland's 司法（官） 大臣 has been 軍隊d to 収容する／認める time-wasting （民事の）告訴s are 存在 made to police under the new hate 罪，犯罪 法律s - 含むing a 誤った （民事の）告訴 made under her 指名する.?

Siobhian Brown says 'misinformation and hysteria' have led to wrongful 仮定／引き受けることs about the 法律制定 - 追加するing that one of the 4,000 （民事の）告訴s made to Police Scotland since it （機の）カム into 影響 was submitted by someone pretending to be her.

The SNP continues to stand by the 法律制定, 主張するing that 'hysteria' around it is misplaced.

But 犠牲者s and community safety 大臣 Ms Brown has 認める '偽の and vexatious' （民事の）告訴s are の中で those 存在 made to police by ill-意向d members of the public trying to poke 穴を開けるs in the 法律's efficacy.

'I think also, in the last couple of weeks, there has been a lot of misinformation and hysteria regarding this 法案 存在 introduced,' she told?BBC 無線で通信する Scotland.

'I was surprised myself on Monday to receive a call from Police Scotland about my （民事の）告訴 - this was a 偽の （民事の）告訴 someone had done 不明な in my 指名する, and gave my office number.

'I think this shows the publicity and misinformation that's out there about this 行為／法令／行動する, that people are making 偽の and vexatious （民事の）告訴s.'

?

Some of the posts made by JK Rowling on X/Twitter on transgender women, which police say did not meet the criminal threshold when assessed under Scotland's new hate crime laws

Some of the 地位，任命するs made by JK Rowling on X/Twitter on transgender women, which police say did not 会合，会う the 犯罪の threshold when 査定する／（税金などを）課すd under Scotland's new hate 罪，犯罪 法律s

Bryson, 31, formerly known as Adam Graham, from Clydebank, West Dunbartonshire, was moved to a men's prison after an outcry

Bryson, 31, 以前は known as Adam Graham, from Clydebank, West Dunbartonshire, was moved to a men's 刑務所，拘置所 after an 激しい抗議

Former Scotland international footballer 同盟（する） McCoist, 一方／合間, has 明らかにする／漏らすd he will not be …に出席するing the football match that he 以前 said he 推定する／予想するd to …に出席する where the hate 罪，犯罪 法律s would likely be 違反d.

McCoist 以前 told TalkSport he and another 48,000 football fans at a 特別奇襲隊員s v Celtic match 'will be committing a 違反 of that hate 法案 in the particular game we are all going to'.

But the striker has since said he will not be at the Scottish 首相の職 match and will instead be away with his family for a 'couple of days'.?

Last night Calum Steele, the former general 長官 of the Scottish Police 連合, said that around 3,800 事例／患者s were logged within the first 24 hours of the 行為／法令／行動する coming into 軍隊 Monday.?

The Scottish Tories have （人命などを）奪う，主張するd that if the 率 continues for the next 12 months, a total of 1.387 million 罪，犯罪s will be 報告（する）／憶測d during 2024/2025 財政上の year.

That would be more than four times higher than the total number of 罪，犯罪s - 302,076, 記録，記録的な／記録するd in the country over the la st year, the party said.

まっただ中に 関心s that freedom of speech will be impinged by the 法律, Mr Yousaf has 主張するd 絶対 保護するs people in their freedom of 表現' while guarding 'people from a rising tide of 憎悪 that we've seen far too often in our society'.?

What is the Hate 罪，犯罪 行為／法令／行動する??

The Hate 罪，犯罪 and Public Order (Scotland) 行為／法令／行動する, passed in 2021, followed a review of hate 罪，犯罪 法律制定 by Lord Bracadale.

There has been a statutory offence of incitement to racial 憎悪 since 1965 but the 2021 行為／法令／行動する creates other offences of 'stirring up' 憎悪 in several other 部類s.

These are called '保護するd 特徴': age, disability, 宗教, 性の orientation, transgender 身元 and 'variations in sex 特徴' (relating to 'physical and 生物学の 特徴 of the 団体／死体').

What does 'stirring up' 憎悪 mean and how can you break the 法律?

It is 行為／行う which encourages others to hate a particular group of people.

To 落ちる foul of the 法律, you would have to behave in a manner that a 'reasonable person' would consider to be 脅すing or abusive ? or, in the 事例／患者 of racial 憎悪, 侮辱ing.

The 法律 also 適用するs to communication of 構成要素 ? for example on social マスコミ ? in 新規加入 to comments or behaviour.

Other 罪，犯罪s, such as 強襲，強姦, can be '悪化させるd' by offences under the Hate 罪，犯罪 行為／法令／行動する, if a 動機づけ of 'mal ice and

ill-will' can be shown に向かって someone with '保護するd 特徴' ? for example if someone is 強襲，強姦d because of their race or disability.

What is a 'reasonable person'?

A 'reasonable person' is an ordinary 国民, famously referred to by Lord Devlin as the 'man on the Clapham omnibus' ? and it is a 実験（する） used in other areas of the 法律.

The 実験（する） is ーするつもりであるd to be 客観的な so a police officer

or 検察官，検事 has to put themselves in the position of a 'reasonable person' to make a judgment about 潜在的に unlawful comments or behaviour.

What are the possible 刑罰，罰則s?

Someone 罪人／有罪を宣告するd of stirring up 憎悪 under the 行為／法令／行動する after a 陪審／陪審員団 裁判，公判 could be 刑務所，拘置所d for seven years, or be 攻撃する，衝突する with a 罰金, or both.

For a いっそう少なく serious offence ? tried by a 郡保安官 sitting without a 陪審／陪審員団 ? they could be 刑務所，拘置所d for a year, or 罰金d, or both.

Is there any 合法的な defence to a 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金 under the 行為／法令／行動する?

Yes ? it is a defence to show your behaviour or commun-ication was 'reasonable' in the circumstances.

When considering reasonableness, there must be 'particular regard' to the importance of the 権利 to 解放する／自由な speech ? even when it is 不快な／攻撃, shocking or 乱すing.

Under the Hate 罪，犯罪 行為／法令／行動する, the threshold of 犯罪の 義務／負債 is not that a 犠牲者 feels 感情を害する／違反するd but that a reasonable person would consider the 悪党／犯人's 活動／戦闘 or speech to be 脅すing or abusive.

Do all 少数，小数派s covered by the 行為／法令／行動する have the same 合法的な 保護?

No, there are differences. 'Race' 含むs 国籍 and 市民権 同様に as colour and ethnicity.

The offence of stirring up racial 憎悪 can be committed not only where behaviour or communication is 脅すing or abusive, but also where it is 侮辱ing.

This is not the 事例／患者 for 性の orientation, transgender 身元, age or disability.

For these 部類s, it is not an offence if 活動／戦闘s or speech are 単に 侮辱ing ? they would have to be 脅すing or abusive and ーするつもりであるd to 動かす up 憎悪.

What about 宗教?

'Discussion or 批評' of 宗教 is permitted under the 行為／法令／行動する ? together with '表現s of 反感, dislike, ridicule or 侮辱'.

Stirring up 憎悪 on 宗教的な grounds is an offence, but the 脅しs or 乱用 'would have to be truly outrageous before the 犯罪の 法律 was 利益／興味d', によれば 合法的な 専門家 Professor Adam Tomkins, a former Tory MSP.

Ridiculing or even 侮辱ing someone's 宗教 might be unwelcome ? but it would not be 犯罪の under the Hate 罪，犯罪 行為／法令／行動する.

Does the 法律 適用する only in public?

No ? it also 適用するs to 私的な homes, not just to comments or behaviour in public, raising the 可能性 that dinner party conversations could be criminalised.

Critics say this level of 明言する／公表する 侵入占拠 is 正統化できない and Lord Bracadale, who carried out the review which led to the new 法律, was …に反対するd to the move.

Professor Tomkins, a 合法的な 専門家 at Glasgow University, 支援するd the 幅の広い 原則s of the 行為／法令／行動する ? but 最終的に 投票（する）d against it while an MSP over the 拡張 of its reach to people's homes.

Will it 土台を崩す artistic freedom?

Police Scotland 主張するs it will not '的' actors and stand-up comedians who 参加する 生産／産物s or make jokes which could be considered to contravene the 行為／法令／行動する.

But it has said that all （民事の）告訴s about 申し立てられた／疑わしい hate 罪，犯罪s will be 調査／捜査するd ? so if a 観客 接触するd police about a joke by Frankie Boyle, for example, it would be taken 本気で.

The Scottish Police 連合 (SPF), 代表するing 階級-and-とじ込み／提出する officers, has 警告するd that the Fringe festival in Edinburgh could be 'busier than normal' this summer, as officers may have to question comedians who are the 支配する of hate 罪，犯罪 （民事の）告訴s.

What have the police said about the 行為／法令／行動する?

The 協会 of Scottish Police Superintendents has 警告するd that 行動主義者s could 捜し出す to 'weaponise' the new 法律制定.

Officers could be 押し寄せる／沼地d with vexatious （民事の）告訴s ? at a time when Police Scotland has said it will no longer 調査／捜査する minor 罪，犯罪s.

It also 警告するs that public 信用 in the police could be 損失d if the service is drawn into online spats ? taking officers away from 調査／捜査するing more serious 罪，犯罪.

The SPF has said officers have not received 適する training ? and believes that not all of them will have been trained in 施行 of the new 法律制定 by today.

Will 'misgendering' be a 犯罪の offence under the 行為／法令／行動する?

Women's 選挙運動者s say no explicit 保護（する）／緊急輸入制限s have been written into the 法律 to 保護する those who 主張する that (for example) people cannot change sex, or that only women can be lesbians.

First 大臣 Humza Yousaf （人命などを）奪う，主張するs that 'if you were to say a trans man is not a real man or a trans woman is not a real woman, you would not be 起訴するd' ? as long as you did not ーするつもりである to 動かす up 憎悪.

JK Rowling has said she will not 削除する social マスコミ 地位，任命するs which could 違反 the 'ludicrous' 法律 after she was embroiled in a misgendering 列／漕ぐ／騒動 with transgender 放送者 India Willoughby.

What is a 'hate 出来事/事件'?

The 記録，記録的な／記録するing of '非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件s' pre-dates the Hate 罪，犯罪 行為／法令／行動する ? but there could be more of them as a result of its 実施.

Officers can スピードを出す／記録につける an 出来事/事件 where no criminality has been proven to build up a picture of the prevalence of racial 緊張, for example, in the community, and 報告（する）／憶測s can be made by third parties ? such as someone who overhears a 発言／述べる and believes it could be a hate 罪，犯罪.

Tory MSP Murdo Fraser 明らかにする／漏らすd last week he was the 支配する of a 非，不，無-罪，犯罪 hate 出来事/事件 after a trans 行動主義者 報告（する）／憶測d him over a tweet 批判的な of SNP 政府 非，不，無-binary 政策.

Mr Fraser is 脅すing 合法的な 活動／戦闘 against Police Scotland to have the 政策 scrapped.

罪，犯罪George FloydSNP保守的なs