Don’t believe everything you hear: Almost HALF of us remember events that never happened

  • 研究員s looked at 熟考する／考慮するs of memory implantation in more than 400 people
  • In the 熟考する／考慮するs, they asked to imagine and remember a 範囲 of fictional events
  • Around 50% of 関係者s 受託するd the implanted memories as their own
  • The findings raise その上の 疑問s about the 信用性 of 目撃者 声明s used in 法廷，裁判所, and shed light on how people develop 誤った beliefs

By Ryan O'Hare for MailOnline

Published: | Updated:

When it comes to recounting the facts, your memory could play tricks on you.

A 熟考する／考慮する has 設立する that almost half of us are 傾向がある to remembering things that never happened.

研究員s at Warwick University showed that if people are told to 繰り返して imagine a fictional event in their lives, around 50 per cent 受託するd that it did.

A study has found that almost half of us are prone to remembering things that never happened, casting doubts on the credibility of eyewitness statements in court (stock image)

A 熟考する／考慮する has 設立する that almost half of us are 傾向がある to remembering things that never happened, casting 疑問s on the 信用性 of 目撃者 声明s in 法廷，裁判所 (在庫／株 image)

The findings raise その上の 疑問s about the 信用性 of 目撃者 声明s used in 法廷，裁判所, and shed light on how people develop 誤った beliefs.

As part of the 熟考する／考慮する, 研究員s looked at a number of memory implantation 熟考する／考慮するs, in which people were 供給するd with 誤った memories as their own.

More than 400 people took part in the eight 熟考する／考慮するs, and were asked to imagine a 範囲 of 誤った events ? 含むing taking hot 空気／公表する balloon rides, playing いたずらs on a teacher, or creating havoc at a family wedding.

A meta-分析 of the results 明らかにする／漏らすd that around 50 per cent of people believed, to some extent, they had 現実に experienced these ‘implanted’ events.

In the course of the studies, more than 400 people were asked to imagine a range of false events ? including taking hot air balloon rides, playing pranks on a teacher, or creating havoc at a family wedding

In the course of the 熟考する／考慮するs, more than 400 people were asked to imagine a 範囲 of 誤った events ? 含むing taking hot 空気／公表する balloon rides, playing いたずらs on a teacher, or creating havoc at a family wedding

IMPLANTING FALSE MEMORIES?

研究員s looked at eight 熟考する／考慮するs in which 'memory implantation' was carried out in 423 熟考する／考慮する 関係者s.

They were asked to remember a 範囲 of シナリオs and 繰り返して 解任する the event.

Through this 過程, the 研究員s hoped to 'implant' 誤った memories.

A review of these 熟考する／考慮するs showed that more than half of 関係者s could 解任する the 誤った memory - almost 11 per cent of which had a 十分な memory, embellished with their own 詳細（に述べる）s.

The authors say their findings 増強する the importance of teaching people how changeable memory is.

宣伝

Just under one third (30 per cent) appeared to 'remember' the event ? 受託するing the 示唆するd event and embellishing it with their own 詳細（に述べる）s, even 述べるing images of what it was like.

While another 23 per cent of people showed 調印するs they 受託するd the implanted memory as their own to some degree, believing it really happened.

Dr Kimberley Wade, a psychologist from the University of Warwick said: ‘We know that many factors 影響する／感情 the 創造 of 誤った beliefs and memories ?? such as asking a person to 繰り返して imagine a 偽の event or to 見解（をとる） photos to ‘jog’ their memory.

‘But we don't fully understand how all these factors interact. Large-規模 熟考する／考慮するs like our mega-分析 move us a little bit closer.’

‘The finding that a large 部分 of people are 傾向がある to developing 誤った beliefs is important.

‘We know from other 研究 that distorted beliefs can 影響（力） people's behaviours, 意向s and 態度s.’??

令状ing in a paper in the 定期刊行物 Memory, the authors 結論する: 'Our results 増強する how important is it to continue educating people about the malleability of memory.'?

SHOCK CAN DISTORT MEMORIES

Memory can be altered by stress, distorting how past events are perceived

Memory can be altered by 強調する／ストレス, distorting how past events are perceived

Our memories of the past can be distorted by powerful emotions and 苦痛, によれば 研究.

Psychologists have 設立する that giving small electric shocks to volunteers was enough to distort their memories of things they had seen in the past.

The findings will 増加する 関心s about the reliability of 目撃者 accounts during 法廷，裁判所 事例／患者s from people who have 苦しむd traumatic experiences.

The 研究 shows that our memories of a seemingly ordinary event can be altered should we experience a powerful emotion like 恐れる in 関係 with 類似の events at a later date.

令状ing in the 定期刊行物 Nature, Professor Elizabeth Phelps, a psychologist at New York University who led the work, said: 'Humans and other animals continuously 監視する the 環境, 蓄積するing countless 詳細（に述べる）s.

'Much of this （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） is forgotten. However, meaningful events can selectively 保存する memory for 以前 遭遇（する）d （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） that seemed insignificant at the time it was encoded.

'We 設立する that memories for 中立の （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） can be 高めるd by a 未来 emotional event that 伴う／関わるs conceptually 関係のある 構成要素.'?

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