Earth will be 砲撃するd by 激しい solar 嵐／襲撃するs next YEAR: Scientists 予報する we'll reach 'solar 最大限' in 2024 - with ゆらめくs strong enough to 手足を不自由にする／（物事を）損なう the world's internet for WEEKS

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About every 11 years, the sun goes through what's known as 'solar 最大限', when many bizarre dark 位置／汚点／見つけ出すs appear on its surface.?

These 'sunspots' ? which can cluster together and form what looks like an?群島???are?原因（となる）d by 大規模な changes in our 星／主役にする's 磁石の field.?

They also shoot out violent 爆発s of energy に向かって Earth, 原因（となる）ing 'solar 嵐／襲撃するs' that can 潜在的に 損失 衛星s and 混乱に陥れる／中断させる the internet.?

Unfortunately, a new 熟考する／考慮する 明らかにする／漏らすs that this solar 最大限 is coming sooner than 推定する／予想するd ? most likely in 早期に 2024.?

The new 予測（する） comes from an Indian team of 研究員s and contrasts with the 最新の 予測（する） from 航空宇宙局, which puts its arrival at late 2025.

研究員s have discovered a new 関係 between the Sun’s 磁石の field and its sunspot cycle, that can help 予報する when the 頂点（に達する） in solar activity will occur. This image from the Solar Dynamics 観測所 shows the sun with 多重の sunspots, which appear dark compared with their surroundings.

The new 熟考する／考慮する was led by Dr Dibyendu Nandi, a?physicist from the IISER Kolkata 中心 of Excellence in Space Sciences in India.

He said it is 'not possible to 予報する the intensity and consequences' of solar 嵐／襲撃するs this 早期に, but we should learn more as the new year approaches.?

'The most 激しい 嵐／襲撃するs can いつかs result in 壊滅的な 軌道の decay of low Earth 軌道ing 衛星s and 混乱に陥れる／中断させる 衛星 based services such as communications and navigational 網状組織s,' he told MailOnline.

'They can also induce strong 騒動s in the geomagnetic field tripping electric 力／強力にする grids 位置を示すd in high latitude 地域s.?

'Of course, they also create beautiful auroras?so we can 推定する／予想する 2024 to be a good year for aurora hunters.'?

Dr?Nandi and his 同僚s have managed to come up with a new way to （悪事，秘密などを）発見する the solar 最大限, but understanding it 要求するs some basic knowledge about our solar system's life-giving 星／主役にする.?

The sun is a 抱擁する ball of electrically-告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d hot gas that moves, 生成するing a powerful 磁石の field, 公式に known as the?dipole field.?

This dipole field ? which stretches from one 政治家 of the sun to the other much like Earth's ? goes through a cycle, called the solar cycle.?

概略で every 11 years or so, the sun's 磁石の field 完全に flips, meaning the north and south 政治家s switch places.?

Every 11 years, the sun's 磁石の?dipole field (which stretches from one 政治家 of the sun to the other much like Earth's) 完全に flips, meaning the sun's north and south 政治家s switch places

READ MORE?抱擁する 'sunspot 群島' is spotted on the sun

Scientists have spotted an '群島' of sunspots on the surface of our 星／主役にする, which could shoot out violent 爆発s of energy に向かって Earth

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This solar cycle 影響する／感情s activity on the surface of the sun, 含むing the dark sunspots which are 原因（となる）d by the sun's 磁石の fields.?

One way scientists can 跡をつける the solar cycle is by counting the number of sunspots and when 正確に／まさに they appear, mostly using 衛星s.?

The beginning of an 11-year solar cycle, when the sun has the fewest sunspots, is known as the solar 最小限 ? but over time the number of sunspots 増加するs.?

The middle of the solar cycle is the solar 最大限, when the sun has the most sunspots.?

It's during this solar 最大限 when the most violent space 天候 is 推定する／予想するd.

The 研究員s say 予報するing 正確に／まさに when this 頂点（に達する） is going to occur ? and therefore when the most violent space 天候 攻撃する，衝突するs Earth ? has been challenging.

We know that solar cycles last 概略で every 11 years ? but this is only an 普通の／平均（する）, as Dr?Nandi explains.

'Eleven years is a mean periodicity, 暗示するing this is 決定するd by 普通の／平均（する）ing the individual periods of all 観察するd solar cycles in the modern 時代,' he told MailOnline.

'Individual cycles can 変化させる in length from nine to 14 years.'?

The scientists 論証する how 観察s of the 率 of 減少（する） of the Sun’s dipole 磁石の field can be usefully 連合させるd with sunspot 観察s to 予報する when the 現在進行中の cycle would 頂点（に達する）. Their 分析 示唆するs that the 最大限 of solar cycle 25 is most likely to occur in 早期に 2024?

Scientists already rely on 手がかり（を与える）s gathered by?スイスの 天文学者 Max Waldmeier nearly 100 years ago, to make the best 見積（る）s of when the solar 最大限 will arrive.?

It was 支援する in 1935 that Waldmeier 設立する the faster the rise of a sunspot cycle, the stronger its strength.

Pictured,?スイスの 天文学者 Max Waldmeier, 責任がある the?Waldmeier 影響

Therefore, as?Waldmeier explained, stronger cycles ? i.e. ones with more sunspots ? take いっそう少なく time to rise to their 頂点（に達する） intensity.

This 関係 ? known as the 'Waldmeier 影響' ? has often been used to 予測（する） the strength of a sunspot cycle based on 観察s of its 早期に rising 段階.?

What the Indian 研究員s have done is find a new 関係, using １０年間s-old data 古記録s from 多重の ground-based solar 観測所s around the world.?

すなわち, the 率 of 減少（する） in the sun's dipole 磁石の field is also correlated with the 率 of rise of the 現在進行中の sunspot cycle.?

'The sun's dipole field waxes and 病弱なs 概略で in antiphase with the sunspot cycle,'?Dr Nandi told MailOnline.

'During solar cycle 最小限, when almost no sunspots are 観察するd on the sun, the dipole field strength is 最大限.

'When the sunspot cycle starts rising, the large-規模 solar dipole field starts 弱めるing and assumes more コンビナート／複合体 configuration.?

This 24-hour movie from 航空宇宙局's Solar Dynamics 観測所 shows sunspots on November 18?

'The dipole field 消えるs during sunspot cycle 頂点（に達する） and に引き続いて this, it flips its direction and starts growing slowly again.'?

Scientists used their new knowledge to 予報する 正確に／まさに when the solar 最大限 of the 現在の cycle would 頂点（に達する） ? 早期に 2024.?

'予報するing the time of 最大限 amplitude of sunspot cycle is important for 計器ing when the most 逆の space 環境の 条件s (space 天候) are 推定する／予想するd,' they say in their paper.?

The new 研究 appears in 月毎の Notices of the 王室の 天文学の Society.?

WHAT IS THE SOLAR CYCLE?

The Sun is a 抱擁する ball of electrically-告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d hot gas that?moves, 生成するing a powerful 磁石の field.

This 磁石の field goes through a cycle, called the solar cycle.

Every 11 years or so, the Sun's 磁石の field 完全に flips, meaning the sun's north and south 政治家s switch places.?

The solar cycle 影響する／感情s activity on the surface of the Sun, such as sunspots which are 原因（となる）d by the Sun's 磁石の fields.?

Every 11 years the Sun's 磁石の field flips, meaning the Sun's north and south 政治家s switch places. The solar cycle 影響する／感情s activity on the surface of the Sun, 増加するing the number of sunspots during stronger (2001) 段階s than 女性 (1996/2006) ones

One way to 跡をつける the solar cycle is by counting the number of sunspots.

The beginning of a solar cycle is a solar 最小限, or when the Sun has the least sunspots. Over time, solar activity - and the number of sunspots - 増加するs.

The middle of the solar cycle is the solar 最大限, or when the Sun has the most sunspots.

As the cycle ends, it fades 支援する to the solar 最小限 and then a new cycle begins.

巨大（な） 爆発s on the Sun, such as solar ゆらめくs and coronal 集まり ejections, also 増加する during the solar cycle.

These 爆発s send powerful bursts of energy a nd 構成要素 into space that can have 影響s on Earth.

For example, 爆発s can 原因（となる） lights in the sky, called aurora, or 衝撃 無線で通信する communications and electricity grids on Earth.?