Hybrid cars explained: Do you know your 穏やかな hybrids from plug-ins?

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Unless you're a devout petrolhead, the car world can be one filled with 混乱させるing terminology.

From acronyms like VED (乗り物 Excise 義務, which is essentially car 税金) to idioms such as referring to unreliable モーターs as 'lemons', there's enough jargon to put your 長，率いる into a spin.

And the 最近の 世代 of green cars is only 追加するing to the already diverse 自動推進の vocabulary.

While the 称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 electric 乗り物 - or EV - is self explanatory, 'hybrid' isn't やめる as straight 今後. In fact, there are four different types, some with very subtle differences.

従来の hybrids are those with a 燃焼 engine (typically a 石油) with a 補足の small 殴打／砲列 and electric モーター

What are the different types of hybrid car?

There are four different types of hybrid car on the market 現在／一般に.?

Here's a b rief overview of each, how they 異なる - and why one in particular SHOULDN'T technically be considered a hybrid...

1. HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE (HEV)

Also known as: Hybrid, 従来の hybrid, self-非難する hybrid

A hybrid electric 乗り物 has an onboard 殴打／砲列 and electric モーター to 補足（する） a 石油 or ディーゼル engine.?

However, it can't be plugged in to be 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d, so all of the electric 力／強力にする is 生成するd by the movement of the 乗り物.

殴打／砲列s are far smaller than those in fully electric cars and for this 推論する／理由 can only typically 供給する a handful of miles of 範囲 when 排他的に running on electric 力／強力にする.?

They're often referred to as 従来の hybrids as they were introduced to the market ahead of plug-in hybrids (which we will come to すぐに), with the Toyota Prius 存在 the most renowned model.

Because of their 限られた／立憲的な electric-only 範囲s and need to be 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d by the car itself,?these hybrids are seen as more outdated and are 推定する／予想するd to give way to more plug-in hybrid cars.?

However, にもかかわらず this, sales are にわか景気ing - as we 輪郭（を描く） below.?

2. PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE (PHEV)

Also known as: Plug-in hybrid

Plug-in hybrids 一般的に have a larger 殴打／砲列 than a 従来の hybrid and can be 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d 経由で the mains, a wallbox or public 装置

Plug-in hybrid electric 乗り物s also use an 内部の 燃焼 engine - usually 石油 but there have been some examples of ディーゼル PHEVs - and an onboard 殴打／砲列 and electric モーター(s).?

But the biggest differen ce to an HEV is that they also have a 非難する socket.

The 殴打／砲列 can be 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d by plugging into the mains, a 国内の wallbox or public 非難する 装置.?

Like HEVs, they also have energy regenerating ブレーキs and systems that help to trickle a little extra capacity to the 殴打／砲列 on the move.

The 殴打／砲列 pack is not as large as those in fully electric cars but is bigger than 部隊s in HEVs.?

This means that plug-in hybrids can be driven on electric 力／強力にする alone, with proponents arguing this makes them perfect for short-trip 都市の 運動ing. When fully 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金d, a plug-in hybrid can 供給する anywhere between 25 and 60 miles of 範囲 using just electric 力／強力にする.?

For longer 旅行s - or any trip where you've used up to electric 運動ing capacity - the 乗り物 will become reliant on the 石油 engine to take you to your 目的地.?

Almost all 製造業者s have introduced plug-in hybrid 選択s, whether that's a Ford Kuga, Audi A3, or a Bentley Bentayga.

3. MILD-HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE (MHEV)

Also known as: 穏やかな hybrid

穏やかな hybrids are the 最新の form of 'hybrid' car to 攻撃する，衝突する the market. However, at no time does the system 力／強力にする the wheels like an HEV or PHEV

One of the most 混乱させるing 最近の 条件 introduced to the 部門 is the 穏やかな hybrid electric 乗り物 (MHEV).?

These are a middle-ground between a 石油/ディーゼル car and a HEV and are becoming ますます ありふれた in showrooms.

While they do have some electric capacity, to use the 称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 'hybrid' does muddy the waters.?

These type of hybrid car has a very small 殴打／砲列 and モーター-発生させる人（物） - usually no bigger than 48 volts - to 補足（する） the 燃焼 engine under the bonnet.?

However, the big difference to a HEV or PHEV is that the 殴打／砲列 and モーター does not 供給する all-electric propulsion at any time どれでも.

Instead, the モーター-発生させる人（物） uses 蓄える／店d electricity to 供給（する） 付加 torque to the engine, 上げるing its 生産（高） without 燃やすing 付加 燃料 to make the 燃焼 engine more efficient.

Some 穏やかな hybrids also use the 発生させる人（物） to enable the car's engine to be turned off for up to 40 seconds when coasting, automatically 再開するing when acceleration is called for. This is said to 申し込む／申し出 greater 燃料-economy from a 石油 or ディーゼル engine.

Examples, of cars that come as 穏やかな hybrids 含む the Ford Fiesta, the Jaguar F-Pace and Volvo XC60.?

4. RANGE EXTENDER ELECTRIC VEHICLE (REX)

Also known as: 範囲 extender, REEV?

A 範囲 extender is the fourth and final type of hybrid car, which uses both a 殴打／砲列 and 燃焼 engine. However, it 作品 異なって to the three 見解／翻訳／版s 名簿（に載せる）／表（にあげる）d above

A 範囲 extender (REX) is the fourth different type of hybrid, though hasn't been as popular as 従来の or plug-in hybrid 乗り物s.

Arguably the best-known model is the Vauxhall Ampera, which was a short-lived 早期に green car on sale between 2012 and 2015 - and one that's still today considered ahead of its time.?

While it does use a 'hybrid' of 殴打／砲列-加える-electric-モーター and 燃焼 engine, in a 範囲 extender the latter is much smaller than you'd find in the other types of hybrid car.

READ MORE: Sir Jim Ratcliffe's Ineos Fusilier 4x4 EV and REX 明かすd

This is because the 燃焼 engine 行為／法令／行動するs as a 発生させる人（物） - or auxiliary 力／強力にする 部隊 (APU) - rather than a drivetrain.

This means the APU never sends 力／強力にする to the wheels. Instead, it only 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金s the 殴打／砲列 or sends 力／強力にする to the e-モーターs.

For instance, when 殴打／砲列 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金 is low, the 範囲 extender starts automatically and 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金s it up.

While 範囲 Extenders have been few and far between since the Ampera - and sister Chevrolet Volt (which was a much better 指名する for an electrified car, in our opinion - was 除去するd from showrooms in 2015, the 科学（工学）技術 is 始める，決める to make a 復帰 thanks to 開拓するs British 億万長者, Sir Jim Ratcliffe.

His new Ineos Fusilier - which is 予定 on sale in 2027 - will be 利用できる either as a 十分な-blown electric 乗り物 or an REX. Ratcliffe says the 範囲 extender is his personal preference as it 供給するs 'an 改良' に向かって 取り組むing 全世界の warming.?

How popular are hybrid cars?

によれば last year's car 登録 人物／姿／数字s published by the Society of モーター 製造業者s and 仲買人s, one in eight (12.6 per cent) new cars sold in the UK last year were HEVs.

Some 238,942 were 登録（する）d, making it the fourth most popular 燃料 type behind 石油s (774,484), 殴打／砲列 electric 乗り物s (314,687) and MHEV 石油s (291,196).

The number sold last year was 27.1 per cent higher than the 容積／容量 of HEV 登録s in 2022 (187,948) and 62.3 per cent up on 2021 (147,246).

従来の HEVs 代表するd around one in eight new cars sold last year, while PHEVs account for だいたい one in four 乗客 乗り物 登録s in 2023

PHEV sales have been more 騒然とした.

In 2023, 141,311 plug-ins were bought in Briton, which 代表するd around one in 14 (7.4 per cent) of all 登録s last year.

This was a 39.3 per cent 増加する on the 101,414 登録s in 2022 (6.3 per cent market 株), though the SMMT data shows more were sold in 2021.

Some 114,554 PHEVs were bought in 2021, which 押し進めるd market 株 to 7 per cent.

When will new hybrid cars be banned from sale?

The 禁止（する） on sale of new 石油 and ディーゼル cars will also 含む hybrids from 2035

When, in November 2020, Boris Johnson 初めは 発表するd that new 石油 and ディーゼル cars would be banned from sales from 2030, he said hybrid cars?that were 有能な of '運動ing a 重要な distance without emitting 炭素' would be 許すd to remain on sale beyond 2030 - but would 結局 be axed from showrooms in 2035.

Since then, the Department for 輸送（する） 差し控えるd from 公表する／暴露するing what it みなすd a '重要な distance', leaving the short-称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 未来 of hybrids in the 空気／公表する.

However, Rishi Sunak's 延期 of the 石油 and ディーゼル car sales 禁止（する） to 2035 - which was 確認するd just last year - and the arrival of the 無 放出／発行 乗り物 (ZEV) 委任統治（領） has 供給するd more clarity for hybrids.

The ZEV 委任統治（領） was introduced into 法律 in January and 要求するs car 製造者s to sell an 増加するing 株 of 無-放出／発行 - essentially electric - cars between now and 2035.

From 2035, it 需要・要求するs that all new models sold in the UK are 無 放出／発行, which 無法者s hybrids - all of which 生産／産物 CO2 予定 to having a 燃焼 engine.?

Electric 未来: The ZEV 委任統治（領） will 軍隊 car 製造者s to sell an 増加するing 容積／容量 of EVs between now and 2035 when the 禁止（する） on sales of new 石油s and ディーゼルs arrives

Should you consider a hybrid today - or have they run their course?

- IN FAVOUR OF HYBRIDS

一般に speaking, hybrid cars do 申し込む／申し出 燃料-saving 利益s over 従来の 石油s and ディーゼルs.?

マイク Hawes, 長，指導者 exec of the SMMT, says hybrids are there for those not やめる ready to make the switch to 十分な EVs

They can also be driven (for 変化させるing lengths of time) in 無-放出／発行s electric 方式 and - unlike fully electric cars - won't ever give you 範囲 苦悩. They also 利益 from lower 乗り物 excise 義務 (car 税金) and are an attractive low-税金 選択 for company car drivers.

It's for this 推論する／理由 they are often considered a 橋（渡しをする） between cars with 内部の 燃焼 engines and 十分な EVs.

マイク Hawes, SMMT 長，指導者 (n)役員／(a)執行力のある, said: '製造業者s have 投資するd billions to 申し込む／申し出 a 範囲 of 科学（工学）技術s and give every car 買い手 選択s to 減ずる their 放出／発行s.?

'Hybrid 科学（工学）技術s have a 決定的な 役割 to play on the road to 無 放出／発行 輸送（する）, 特に as they can 行為／法令／行動する as a steppingstone for those who aren’t やめる ready to make the switch into a fully electric car.'

- AGAINST HYBRIDS?

同様に as taking their 公式の／役人 燃料 economy （人命などを）奪う，主張するs with a pinch of salt, green 輸送（する） groups have said that the （人命などを）奪う，主張するd CO2 放出／発行 s 引用するd for hybrids can be far from how much they 汚染する when used on the road.?

Green （選挙などの）運動をする group 輸送（する） & 環境 - which 言及するs to plug-in hybrids as 'the car 産業's wolf in sheep's 着せる／賦与するing' - recently 解放（する）d a 報告（する）／憶測 明言する／公表するing that its own 実験（する）s 設立する?PHEVs 放出する up to three times their （人命などを）奪う，主張するd CO2 放出／発行s during real-world 運動ing.?

And its 見解（をとる）s of HEVs are 平等に 批判的な.

Richard Hebditch, UK director at T&E, said: 'The 業績／成果 of hybrids in real world 状況／情勢s - whether self-非難する or plug-in - shows they're still emitting plenty of CO2.?

'The reality is that they're a distraction from going fully electric and getting the 炭素 貯金 we 現実に need to 会合，会う the UK's 気候 的s.'

Fiona Howarth, CEO at Octopus Electric 乗り物s, says hybrids are 2010s tech and an no longer needed to 橋（渡しをする） the gap to EV 所有権

Fiona Howarth,?CEO of Octopus Electric 乗り物s, also believes hybrid cars have run their course and should be overlooked 完全に in favour of 100 per cent electric cars.

'Hybrids have long been a stepping 石／投石する for drivers on their 旅行 to using 十分な electric 乗り物s,' she told us.?

'Their familiarity 許すs drivers to feel like they’re taking a small step rather than a leap into the unknown. But a 石／投石する isn't a steppingstone until you step off it.

'I loved my Nokia and Blackberry, but with tech 前進するs these have been 取って代わるd by the smartphone.??

'Hybrids were also 広大な／多数の／重要な when 殴打／砲列s were more expensive, car 製造者s are getting up to 速度(を上げる） and the 組織／基盤／下部構造 wasn't there - but they are tech of the 2010s.'